Design of a 4-bit ripple adder using Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA)

• Main Authors: Chan S.T.Y., Chau C.F., Bin Ghazali A.
• Other Authors: 56022963700
• Format: Conference paper
• Published: IEEE Computer Society 2023
• Subjects: Adder; Quantum-dot cellular automata; Ripple carry adder; Logic design; Sequential machines; Sustainable development; Clock cycles; CMOS design; Fundamental concepts; Majority gates; Practical use; Quantum dot cellular automata; Ripple adders; Ripple carry adders; Adders

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one of the new emerging nanotechnologies explored as an alternative to current CMOS designs. This paper presents the fundamental concepts of QCA and QCA-based logic design. Basic QCA logic circuits such as the inverter, three-input majority gate and five-input majority gate are studied and implemented using QCADesigner. To demonstrate the practical use of using QCA in logic design, a 4-bit ripple adder using a combined concepts from the conventional RCA and CLA is proposed using 20 three-input majority gates, 4 five-input majority gates and 12 inverters. The proposed adder uses 1246 cells which resulted in an area of 1.75um � 1.43um, and a latency of 5.75 clock cycles. � 2013 IEEE.