Phytochemical constituents, a-glucosidase inhibitory activity and preliminary acute toxicity studies of the ethanol-water extracts of Salacca zalacca fruits in rats

• Main Authors: Saleh, Mohammed S M, Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad, Khatib, Alfi, Mat So'ad, Siti Zaiton
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: QD Chemistry
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/62481/1/Mohammed%20Saleh_IBSC_2018.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/62481/7/62481_tentative.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/62481/; http://www.amdi.usm.my/index.php/ibsc-preconference/ibsc-pctentative

Purpose: To evaluate the phytochemical constituent screening, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and in vivo preliminary toxicity study of ethanol and water S. zalacca fruit extracts. Methods: The fresh fruit was collected, cleaned, peeled, and dried using freeze dryer. The flesh powder was extracted using solvent with different concentration of ethanol and water (100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 0%). All extracts were tested for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and phytochemical constituents were evaluated using different chemical methods. The extract showing highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was tested for acute toxicity studies according to the up and down method. A dose (0.15, 0.48, 1.54, 4.91 and 5.00 g/ kg body weight) of the extract was used in 15 healthy male rats. The rats were observed for 4 h first day, then daily for 14 days. Result(s): The highest yield was determined for the extract of 80% concentration, whereas the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 13.43±2.43 µg/mL), total phenolic content (TPC) (14.12+1.19 µg AAE/g) resulted for the extract of 60% concentration. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, carbohydrates and cardiac glycoside while alkaloids and flavonoids were not detected in all the extract. The five doses caused neither visible signs of toxicity nor mortality. The LD50 is above 5000 mg/kg. Conclusion(s): The ethanol and water extract possessed some active principles having -glucosidase inhibitory activity and is safe following single oral administration dose but not via the intraperitoneal route. Purpose: To evaluate the phytochemical constituent screening, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and in vivo preliminary toxicity study of ethanol and water S. zalacca fruit extracts. Methods: The fresh fruit was collected, cleaned, peeled, and dried using freeze dryer. The flesh powder was extracted using solvent with different concentration of ethanol and water (100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 0%). All extracts were tested for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and phytochemical constituents were evaluated using different chemical methods. The extract showing highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was tested for acute toxicity studies according to the up and down method. A dose (0.15, 0.48, 1.54, 4.91 and 5.00 g/ kg body weight) of the extract was used in 15 healthy male rats. The rats were observed for 4 h first day, then daily for 14 days. Result(s): The highest yield was determined for the extract of 80% concentration, whereas the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 13.43±2.43 µg/mL), total phenolic content (TPC) (14.12+1.19 µg AAE/g) resulted for the extract of 60% concentration. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, carbohydrates and cardiac glycoside while alkaloids and flavonoids were not detected in all the extract. The five doses caused neither visible signs of toxicity nor mortality. The LD50 is above 5000 mg/kg. Conclusion(s): The ethanol and water extract possessed some active principles having -glucosidase inhibitory activity and is safe following single oral administration dose but not via the intraperitoneal route.