Phenotypic evaluation of fifteen Glycine max (L.) Merrill (vegetable soybean) varieties under mineral and bris soils of Malaysia

• Main Authors: Abu Bakar, Siti Nurul Farhana, Phang, Ing Chia, Nordin, Mohd Shukor, Ibrahim, Maizatul Akma
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: Q Science (General); QK Botany
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/45708/5/45708.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/45708/; http://www.iium.edu.my/icast/

Glycine max (L.) Merrill (vegetable soybean) is an important vegetable mainly among Asian community. It is grown as an edible version since it has better tasting assorted with its relatively higher protein and lower oil contents. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic characteristics of fifteen varieties of Glycine max (L.) Merrill which had been developed at Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), Taiwan under Malaysian soils conditions. In this research, the fifteen varieties were planted under top and bris soils in an experimental plot at IIUM Kuantan, Pahang. The result shows that the total number of seeds ranged from 36.50 - 81.17 and 36.17 - 91.17 for top and bris soils, respectively. The number of pods ranged from 19.33 - 50.83 for top soil and 25.17 to 53.83 for bris soil. Whereas, the total seeds weight for top and bris soils ranged from 25.99 - 43.82 g and 23.68 - 48.45 g, respectively, with fifteen random seeds weight ranged from 8.70 - 15.99 g for top soil and 7.47 - 15.42 g for bris soil. The varieties emergence were observed ranging from 2.33 - 4.33 days and 2.17 - 4.67 days for top and bris soils, respectively. Meanwhile, the varieties flowering ranged from 27.33 - 34.67 days for top soil and 28.50 - 37.83 days for bris soil. The plants heights were recorded to be in the range of 34.83 - 76.83 cm for top soil and 38.00 - 82.67 cm for bris soil. Pods widths for top and bris soils were also measured and they ranged from 1.40 - 1.59 cm and 1.39 - 1.56 cm, respectively. The pods length for top soil were 5.03 - 6.50 cm and for bris soils were 5.29 - 6.58 cm. Phenotypic evaluation of these varieties is crucial as the jumping base before further breeding program can be initiated. From observation, V4 (AGS429, 81.17) and V1 (AGS190, 91.17) have the most promising higher yielding ability in terms of total seed numbers in top and bris soils, respectively. However, a wide genetic variation observed in all fifteen vegetable soybean varieties could help to identify the potential of some varieties for the production of vegetable in the diet of Malaysian consumers as well as to provide valuable information for further improvement of vegetable soybean in Malaysia.