Green sonochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles at varying concentrations of kappa-carrageenan

• Main Authors: Elsupikhe, Randa Fawzi, Shameli, Kamyar, Ahmad, Mansor B., Ibrahim, Nor Azowa, Zainudin, Norhazlin
• Format: Article
• Published: Springer 2015
• Subjects: T Technology (General)
• Online Access: http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/55519/; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11671-015-0916-1

A green sonochemical method was developed for preparing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in different concentrations of kappa carrageenan (κ-carrageenan). The κ-carrageenan was used as a natural eco-friendly stabilizer, and ultrasonic irradiation was used as a green reducing agent. The number of Ag-NPs increased with increasing κ-carrageenan concentrations. Formation of Ag/κ-carrageenan was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy where the surface plasmon absorption maximum was observed at 402 to 420 nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the Ag-NPs are of a face-centered cubic structure. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum indicated the presence of Ag-NPs in κ-carrageenan. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image for the highest concentration of κ-carrageenan showed the distribution of Ag-NPs with an average particle size near to 4.21 nm. Scan electron microscopy (SEM) images illustrated the spherical shape of the Ag-NPs. The use of photo irradiation provides a green and economic feature to this work