Industry to industry by-products exchange network towards zero waste in palm oil refining processes

This paper presents a systematic framework for optimal utilization of by-products generated during crude palm oil refining processes. Three by-products are considered in the supply chain network: soapstock, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) and spent bleaching earth (SBE). These by-products, generat...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hashim, Haslenda, Jamaludin, Mohammad Zamry
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2011
Subjects:
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/29197/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.02.004
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