Halal Surfactant and Environmental Friendly Solvent for Reverse Micelles
Solvent extraction (liquid-liquid extraction) is the most common method used in downstream processing of antibiotics due to its effectiveness and favourable economics. The process is a well known technique which is readily scaleable and can be operated on a continuous basis. Despite the efficienc...
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Format: | Conference Paper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2013
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://ddms.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/6125 |
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Summary: | Solvent extraction (liquid-liquid extraction) is the most common method used in
downstream processing of antibiotics due to its effectiveness and favourable economics.
The process is a well known technique which is readily scaleable and can be operated on
a continuous basis. Despite the efficiency, solvent extraction has several difficulties which
can cause problems such as final product contamination, low extraction yield, clogging of
equipment, high alcohol usage, and high solvent losses. Reverse micelles consist of three
components: amphiphilic surfactant molecules, an aqueous phase, and a non-polar organic
solvent. The polar heads of the surfactant are directed towards the interior of a watercontaining
sphere, whereas the aliphatic tails are oriented toward the non-polar organic
phase. It has the ability to extract a variety of bio-molecules such as proteins into
nanometre-size water pools surrounded by a monolayer of surfactant. The apparent
success of research on protein extraction from the aqueous phase using reverse micelle
provides motivation to study the solubilisation of Clavulanic acid using environmental
friendly solvents and halal bio-surfactant. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) and soy oil are used as
the organic solvents, and bio-surfactant is isolated from waste soybean oil. The
bio-surfactant is found to have lower toxicity, higher biodegradability, better environmental.
compatibility and higher specific activity at extreme temperatures, pH levels and salinity
than chemical surfactant. Furthermore, this project is also concerned of using plant-based
solvent instead of volatile organic solvent since most organic solvent are potentially toxic
and unacceptable for pharmaceutical industries. A part from that, there still no research
reported on reverse micelle using environmentally surfactant and solvent. Therefore,
solvents used in this study are "green" and halal alternative for the replacement of volatile
organic solvents in liquid-liquid extractions. |
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