High CD14 antigen expression in urothelial bladder carcinoma establishes that the inflammatory microenvironment promotes tumour cell proliferation

• Main Authors: Ahmad, Aiful, Mohd Yusoff, Suryati, Mohd Ali, Razana, Osman, Malina, Lai, Shau Kong, Hussin, Huzlinda
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia 2022
• Online Access: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/99294/1/2022121911504205_MJMHS_0233.pdf; http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/99294/; https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2022121911504205_MJMHS_0233.pdf

Introduction: CD-14 is an antigen found on the bladder cancer cells that mediated cancer development by providing a supportive inflammatory microenvironment. The study investigates the association of CD14 antigen expression in bladder cancer cells with demographic factors, clinicopathological parameters and recurrent cases by immuno- histochemical (IHC) method. Methods: A retrospective study using 59 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue of urothelial bladder carcinoma cases were subjected to CD14 IHC staining. Results: Most patients were  65 years old (57.6%), Malay in ethnicity (55.9%) and male predominant (94.9%). CD14 was positively expressed in more than 50% of tumour cells in all grades and stages with the largest percentage seen in the highest grade (Grade III) and stage (Stage IV) of urothelial bladder carcinoma. There was a significant association between CD14 expression and tumour grade of urothelial bladder carcinoma (p = 0.043). However, there was no significant association between CD14 expression with demographic factors, tumour stage or recurrent cases. Conclusion: High CD14 antigen expression by cancer cells establishes that the inflammatory microenvironment promotes tumour cell growth and may suggest CD14 antigen as a poor prognostic marker in urothelial bladder carcinoma.