Investigating the shadows and strong gravitational lensing of modified Bardeen black holes

• Main Authors: Molla N.U., Ali A., Debnath U., Gunasekaran S.S.
• Other Authors: 57336530700
• Format: Article
• Published: Institute of Physics 2025
• Subjects: Astrophysics; Gravitation; Relativity; Scattering parameters; Stars; Bardeen black hole; Black holes; Event horizon; Graphical representations; Gravitational lensing; Meticulous analysis; Null geodesic; S -parameters; Schwarzschild; Shadow

This study is dedicated to exploring the distinctive observational features affected by the modified Bardeen black hole through meticulous analysis of its shadow and strong gravitational lensing observations. We thoroughly investigated the impact of the black hole?s parameters q, g and ? on its shadow radius through numerical simulations and graphical representations. Utilizing the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) data, we constrained the modified Bardeen black hole parameter ? of the modified Bardeen black hole within specific ranges: 0.24 � ? � 1.16 for M87*; and 0.036 � ? � 0.51 for Sgr A *, while maintaining the fixed values g = 0.2 and q = 0.3. This restriction of the modified Bardeen black hole parameter ? by the EHT findings illustrates the viability of modified Bardeen black holes as astrophysical candidates. Additionally, we study strong gravitational lensing and its various observables for the modified Bardeen black hole, comparing its behavior to other astrophysical black holes such as the Schwarzschild (? = 0 = q) and Bardeen (? = 0) black holes. By examining the astrophysical ramifications through strong gravitational lensing, considering supermassive black holes at the center of nearby galaxies, we uncovered that the modified Bardeen black hole exhibits distinct characteristics, offering a quantitative distinction from other black holes such as the Schwarzschild and Bardeen black holes. These findings in astrophysical consequences provide a promising pathway to differentiate the modified black hole from its counterparts in the realm of general relativity. ? 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd.