Improving the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanocellulose-copper (II) oxide (CNC-CuO) as a lubricant additives: A novel nanolubricant for tribology application

• Main Authors: Kamal Kamarulzaman M., Hisham S., Kadirgama K., Ramasamy D., Samykano M., Saidur R., Yusaf T.
• Other Authors: 57931266600
• Format: Article
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 2024
• Subjects: Copper (II) oxide; Nanocellulose; Nanolubricant; Thermophysical properties; Additives; Copper oxides; Heat transfer; Lubricating oils; Specific heat; Thermal conductivity; Tribology; Viscosity; CuO nanoparticles; Dynamic viscosities; Engine oil; Lubricant additives; Nano-cellulose; Nanolubricants; Primary objective; Specific heat capacity; Viscosity index; Nanoparticles

The primary objective of the present analysis is to investigate the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanocellulose and copper (II) oxide nanoparticles added to engine oil as a lubricant for piston ring-cylinder liner application. Kinematic viscosity, viscosity index (VI) and dynamic viscosity have been performed for measurement of properties at varying temperatures (ranging from 30 �C to 90 �C) and different concentrations (ranging from 0.1 % to 0.9 % volume concentration). Thermal characteristics have been measured using similar temperatures and concentrations to determine thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. In the results, as the concentration of the CNC-CuO nanoparticle increases, the VI also increases. This proves the combination of CNC-CuO particles with engine oil improves the lubricity of the base oil concerning its viscosity by 44.3 %-47.12 %. The lowest and highest improvements in the dynamic viscosity were 1.34 % and 74.81 %. The highest increment of thermal conductivity ratio for the selected nanolubricant was 1.80566 % in the solid concentration of 0.1 % at 90 �C. The specific heat capacity of nanolubricant tends to reduce slightly with an increase in temperature. Overall, the addition of CNC-CuO nanoparticle in the engine improved thermophysical properties behaviour's performance at 0.5 % concentration. The results can benefit the heat transfer application, especially tribological. � 2022 Elsevier Ltd