A review of vegetable waste bio-processing techniques in rural areas
Purpose: Vegetable waste (VW) could cause environmental problems if not properly managed. Due to rural living conditions and a relatively low residence density, VW is usually disposed of in landfills. Waste management should be engineered in a way to process the waste into value-added products in...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
OICC Press
2024
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45315/1/Murshid%20et%20al%202024.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45315/ https://oiccpress.com/international-journal-of-recycling-of-organic-waste-in-agriculture/article/a-review-of-vegetable-waste-bio-processing-techniques-in-rural-areas/ https://dx.doi.org/10.57647/j.ijrowa.2024.1302.13 |
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| Summary: | Purpose: Vegetable waste (VW) could cause environmental problems if not properly managed.
Due to rural living conditions and a relatively low residence density, VW is usually disposed of in
landfills. Waste management should be engineered in a way to process the waste into value-added
products in a sustainable manner. This review evaluates four bioprocessing techniques for this
purpose: anaerobic digestion (AD), vermicomposting (VC), black soldier fly composting (BSFC),
and composting.
Method: A systematic search involved databases from Scopus using keywords like “vegetable
waste; anaerobic digestion; composting; vermicomposting; black soldier fly”. By reviewing and
synthesizing 173 articles (with 162 from 2019−2023), this paper summarizes and illustrates the
information collected.
Results: In a systematic search, AD and composting easily surpassed 2000 publications (from
2013 to January 2023). Besides composting emerged as a cost-effective (for MYR 1.40/kg)
bio-processing technique in terms of production cost. This review on VW composting is based
on an acceptable C/N ratio (30−50), moisture content (50% −80%), ratio of VW to additives
(typically 30:70), efficient additives, and inoculation strategy. This review also summarizes the
maturity index and illustrates the usage of compost and leachate as fertilizer.
Conclusion: VW composting in rural areas is reliable and beneficial |
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