Chitosan coated magnetic cellulose nanowhisker as a drug delivery system for potential colorectal cancer treatment

• Main Authors: Yusefi, Mostafa, Shameli, Kamyar, Lee-Kiun, Michiele Soon, Teow, Sin-Yeang, Moeini, Hassan, Ali, Roshafima Rasit, Kia, Pooneh, Jie, Chia Jing, Abdullah, Nurul Hidayah
• Format: Article
• Published: Elsevier 2023
• Subjects: QD Chemistry; QH301 Biology
• Online Access: http://eprints.um.edu.my/38627/

Polysaccharide-based magnetic nanocomposites can eminently illuminate several attractive features as anticancer drug carriers. In this study, rice straw-based cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) was used as solid support for Fe3O4 nanofillers to synthesize magnetic CNW. Then, cross-linked chitosan-coated magnetic CNW for 5-fluorouracil carrier abbreviated as CH/MCNW/5FU. Fourier-transform infrared, X-Ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated successful fabrication and multifunctional properties of the CH/MCNW/ 5FU nanocomposites. In addition, CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites showed hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential value of 181.31 +/- 3.46 nm and +23 +/- 1.8 mV, respectively. Based on images of transmission electron microscopy, magnetic CNW as reinforcement was coated with chitosan to obtain almost spherical CH/MCNW/ 5FU nanocomposites with an average diameter of 37.16 +/- 3.08. The nanocomposites indicated desired saturation magnetization and thermal stability, high drug encapsulation efficiency, and pH-dependent swelling and drug release performance. CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites showed potent killing effects against colorectal cancer cells in both 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid models. These findings suggest CH/MCNW as a potential carrier for anticancer drugs with high tumour-penetrating capacity.