Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins
A group of stable, water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins constitute the pore forming toxins (PFTs) in cnidarians. They interact with membranes to physically alter the membrane structure and permeability, resulting in the formation of pores. These lesions on the plasma membrane causes an imbalanc...
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my.sunway.eprints.9482019-04-25T07:27:10Z http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/ Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins Yap, Wei Yuen * Hwang, Jung Shan * RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology A group of stable, water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins constitute the pore forming toxins (PFTs) in cnidarians. They interact with membranes to physically alter the membrane structure and permeability, resulting in the formation of pores. These lesions on the plasma membrane causes an imbalance of cellular ionic gradients, resulting in swelling of the cell and eventually its rupture. Of all cnidarian PFTs, actinoporins are by far the best studied subgroup with established knowledge of their molecular structure and their mode of pore-forming action. However, the current view of necrotic action by actinoporins may not be the only mechanism that induces cell death since there is increasing evidence showing that pore-forming toxins can induce either necrosis or apoptosis in a cell-type, receptor and dose-dependent manner. In this review, we focus on the response of the cellular immune system to the cnidarian pore-forming toxins and the signaling pathways that might be involved in these cellular responses. Since PFTs represent potential candidates for targeted toxin therapy for the treatment of numerous cancers, we also address the challenge to overcoming the immunogenicity of these toxins when used as therapeutics. MDPI 2018 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_4 http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/1/Hwang%20Jung%20Response%20Molecules%20Review%202018.pdf Yap, Wei Yuen * and Hwang, Jung Shan * (2018) Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins. Molecules, 23 (10). p. 2537. ISSN 1420-3049 http://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102537 doi:10.3390/molecules23102537 |
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RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology Yap, Wei Yuen * Hwang, Jung Shan * Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins |
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A group of stable, water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins constitute the pore forming toxins (PFTs) in cnidarians. They interact with membranes to physically alter the membrane structure and permeability, resulting in the formation of pores. These lesions on the plasma membrane causes an imbalance of cellular ionic gradients, resulting in swelling of the cell and eventually its rupture.
Of all cnidarian PFTs, actinoporins are by far the best studied subgroup with established knowledge of their molecular structure and their mode of pore-forming action. However, the current view of necrotic action by actinoporins may not be the only mechanism that induces cell death since there is increasing evidence showing that pore-forming toxins can induce either necrosis or apoptosis in
a cell-type, receptor and dose-dependent manner. In this review, we focus on the response of the cellular immune system to the cnidarian pore-forming toxins and the signaling pathways that might be involved in these cellular responses. Since PFTs represent potential candidates for targeted toxin therapy for the treatment of numerous cancers, we also address the challenge to overcoming the
immunogenicity of these toxins when used as therapeutics. |
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Article |
author |
Yap, Wei Yuen * Hwang, Jung Shan * |
author_facet |
Yap, Wei Yuen * Hwang, Jung Shan * |
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Yap, Wei Yuen * |
title |
Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins |
title_short |
Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins |
title_full |
Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins |
title_fullStr |
Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Response of cellular innate immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming toxins |
title_sort |
response of cellular innate immunity to cnidarian pore-forming toxins |
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MDPI |
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2018 |
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http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/1/Hwang%20Jung%20Response%20Molecules%20Review%202018.pdf http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/948/ http://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102537 |
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13.18916 |