Molecular insight and mode of inhibition of α ‐Glucosidase and α ‐Amylase by Pahangensin A from Alpinia pahangensis Ridl.

• Main Authors: Loo, Kong Yong, Leong, Kok Hoong, Yasodha Sivasothy, *, Halijah Ibrahim,, Khalijah Awang,
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2019
• Subjects: QD Chemistry
• Online Access: http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/1121/1/Yasodha%20Chemistry%20%20Biodiversity-accepted%202019.pdf; http://eprints.sunway.edu.my/1121/; http://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.201900032

The inhibition of carbohydrate‐hydrolyzing enzymes in human digestive organs is crucial in controlling blood sugar levels, which is important in treating type 2 diabetes. In the current study, pahangensin A (1), a bis‐labdanic diterpene characterized previously in the rhizomes of Alpinia pahangensis Ridl., was identified as an active dual inhibitor for α‐amylase (IC50=114.80 μm) and α‐glucosidase (IC50=153.87 μm). This is the first report on the dual α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities of a bis‐labdanic diterpene. The Lineweaver‐Burk plots of compound 1 indicate that it is a mixed‐type inhibitor with regard to both enzymes. Based on molecular docking studies, compound 1 docked in a non‐active site of both enzymes. The dual inhibitory activity of compound 1 makes it a suitable natural alternative in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.