SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL MALIC ACID BASED LOW TRANSITION TEMPERATURE MIXTURES FOR BIOMASS DELIGNIFICATION.

• Main Author: YIIN, CHUNG LOONG
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2016
• Subjects: TP Chemical technology
• Online Access: http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/21656/1/2016%20-%20CHEMICAL%20-%20SYNTHESIS%20AND%20CHARACTERIZATION%20OF%20NATURAL%20MALIC%20ACID%20BASED%20LOW%20TRANSITION%20TEMPERATURE%20MIXTURES%20FOR%20BIOMASS%20DELIGNIFICATION-YIN%20CHUNG%20LOONG-MASTER%20OF%20SCIENCE.pdf; http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/21656/

Low transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs) derived from malic acid tend to be the promising green solvents for effective dissociation of lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, the optimum conditions for the microwave hydrothermal extraction of malic acids from plants and fruits such as cactus, papaya, luffa cylindrica and lophafherum herb are found to be at 1 g of sample, 200 °C and45 min in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H202) as oxidant. The extractions showed goodfitting with the saturation equation model for the mass of extracted malic acid over dry weight of sample below 100 mg/g. Cheap commercially available materials (sucrose and MSG) were proven to be compatible as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) with L-malic acid as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) in the preparation of LTTMs. The temperature and time taken for the preparation of LTTMs without addition of water: sucrose (90 °C, 10 min) and MSG (110 °C, 30 min). Addition of water had reduced the temperature for the preparation of LTTMs from sucrose and MSG to 60 °C and 90 °C while the reaction time was shorten to 5 min and 15 min respectively.