Photooxidative-Extractive Deep Desulfurization of Diesel using Cu-Fe/TiO2 and Eutectic Ionic Liquid

An efficient photooxidative–extractive system for deep desulfurization of model fuel and actual diesel fuel was explored. A series of bimetallic Cu–Fe/TiO2 photocatalysts was synthesized using sol–gel hydrothermal method and characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mod Zaid, Hayyiratul Fatimah, Chong, Fai Kait, Abdul Mutalib, Mohamed Ibrahim
Format: Citation Index Journal
Language:English
Published: 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/11709/1/FUEL%20DeS.pdf
http://scholars.utp.edu.my/id/eprint/11709/
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Summary:An efficient photooxidative–extractive system for deep desulfurization of model fuel and actual diesel fuel was explored. A series of bimetallic Cu–Fe/TiO2 photocatalysts was synthesized using sol–gel hydrothermal method and characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and diffuse reflectance UV–visible spectroscopy (DR-UV–Vis). The photocatalysts were evaluated for photooxidative–extractive deep desulfurization of model oil (100, 300 and 500 ppm dibenzothiophene in dodecane) and actual diesel fuel. 2.0 wt% Cu–Fe/TiO2 photocatalyst was identified as the most efficient photocatalyst for the conversion of sulfur species under mild conditions in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2:S molar ratio of 4) as oxidant and eutectic based ionic liquid as extractant. The sulfur conversion in both model oil and actual diesel fuel reached 100%. The removal of sulfur species from both model oil and actual diesel fuel was done by two times extraction with a removal of 97.06% and 78.93%, respectively in the first run and 2.94% and 21.07%, respectively in the second run. The photocatalyst was able to be recycled for six cycles with an average performance of 99.75%.