Synthesis and Characterizations of ZnO Nanoparticles for Application in Electromagnetic Detectors
Electromagnetic (EM) waves are able to distinguish between water and hydrocarbon due to their high difference in resistivity value. The method that uses EM technology to explore hydrocarbon is called Seabed Logging (SBL). Due to high demand of hydrocarbon, improvement of this technology is needed. T...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Published: |
2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.utp.edu.my/4727/1/JNanoR.13.93.pdf http://www.scientific.net/JNanoR.13.93 http://eprints.utp.edu.my/4727/ |
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| Summary: | Electromagnetic (EM) waves are able to distinguish between water and hydrocarbon due to their high difference in resistivity value. The method that uses EM technology to explore hydrocarbon is called Seabed Logging (SBL). Due to high demand of hydrocarbon, improvement of this technology is needed. The paper consists of modelling of the prototype of EM transmitter and receiver for hydrocarbon exploration. EM transmitter consists of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT), aluminium wire with magnetic feeder in toroidal shape. ZnO-CNTs-PVDF composites are used for EM detection. The XRD analysis showed a clear diffraction peak of [101] plane at 36 of the 2. Raman spectra were obtained for ZnO synthesised at 200C and 300C temperatures. The initial permeability, Q-factor and relative loss factor were measured using vector network analyser. Results show high value of Q-factor (~43) of the ZnO-CNTs at frequency between 20-30 MHz. The nanoparticles also show low relative loss factor for frequencies above 10 MHz. The grain size, morphology and shape of the particles were characterized using FESEM and revealed rod-like structures. The CNT dipole transmitter system using improved CNT dipole antenna and CNT-ZnO detector record an enhancement of 192% and can be used for hydrocarbon detection. |
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