Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent

Water pollution due to the discharge of untreated industrial effluents is a serious environmental and public health issue. The presence of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) causes worldwide concern because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on aquatic life,...

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Main Authors: Alhothali, A., Haneef, T., Mustafa, M.R.U., Moria, K.M., Rashid, U., Rasool, K., Bamasag, O.O.
Format: Article
Published: MDPI 2021
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118212090&doi=10.3390%2fijerph182111506&partnerID=40&md5=0f756b111bb08822335c59ed2e704496
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/32413/
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spelling my.utp.eprints.324132022-03-29T02:25:23Z Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent Alhothali, A. Haneef, T. Mustafa, M.R.U. Moria, K.M. Rashid, U. Rasool, K. Bamasag, O.O. Water pollution due to the discharge of untreated industrial effluents is a serious environmental and public health issue. The presence of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) causes worldwide concern because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on aquatic life, human beings, and the environment. PAHs are pervasive atmospheric compounds that cause nervous system damage, mental retardation, cancer, and renal kidney diseases. This research presents the first usage of palm kernel shell biochar (PKSB) (obtained from agricultural waste) for PAH removal from industrial wastewater (oil and gas wastewater/produced water). A batch scale study was conducted for the remediation of PAHs and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from produced water. The influence of operating parameters such as biochar dosage, pH, and contact time was optimized and validated using a response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimized conditions, i.e., biochar dosage 2.99 g L�1, pH 4.0, and contact time 208.89 min, 93.16 of PAHs and 97.84 of COD were predicted. However, under optimized conditions of independent variables, 95.34 of PAH and 98.21 of COD removal was obtained in the laboratory. The experi-mental data were fitted to the empirical second-order model of a suitable degree for the maximum removal of PAHs and COD by the biochar. ANOVA analysis showed a high coefficient of determination value (R2 = 0.97) and a reasonable second-order regression prediction. Additionally, the study also showed a comparative analysis of PKSB with previously used agricultural waste biochar for PAH and COD removal. The PKSB showed significantly higher removal efficiency than other types of biochar. The study also provides analysis on the reusability of PKSB for up to four cycles using two different methods. The methods reflected a significantly good performance for PAH and COD removal for up to two cycles. Hence, the study demonstrated a successful application of PKSB as a potential sustainable adsorbent for the removal of micro-pollutants from produced water. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. MDPI 2021 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118212090&doi=10.3390%2fijerph182111506&partnerID=40&md5=0f756b111bb08822335c59ed2e704496 Alhothali, A. and Haneef, T. and Mustafa, M.R.U. and Moria, K.M. and Rashid, U. and Rasool, K. and Bamasag, O.O. (2021) Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (21). http://eprints.utp.edu.my/32413/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
building UTP Resource Centre
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Petronas
content_source UTP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utp.edu.my/
description Water pollution due to the discharge of untreated industrial effluents is a serious environmental and public health issue. The presence of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) causes worldwide concern because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on aquatic life, human beings, and the environment. PAHs are pervasive atmospheric compounds that cause nervous system damage, mental retardation, cancer, and renal kidney diseases. This research presents the first usage of palm kernel shell biochar (PKSB) (obtained from agricultural waste) for PAH removal from industrial wastewater (oil and gas wastewater/produced water). A batch scale study was conducted for the remediation of PAHs and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from produced water. The influence of operating parameters such as biochar dosage, pH, and contact time was optimized and validated using a response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimized conditions, i.e., biochar dosage 2.99 g L�1, pH 4.0, and contact time 208.89 min, 93.16 of PAHs and 97.84 of COD were predicted. However, under optimized conditions of independent variables, 95.34 of PAH and 98.21 of COD removal was obtained in the laboratory. The experi-mental data were fitted to the empirical second-order model of a suitable degree for the maximum removal of PAHs and COD by the biochar. ANOVA analysis showed a high coefficient of determination value (R2 = 0.97) and a reasonable second-order regression prediction. Additionally, the study also showed a comparative analysis of PKSB with previously used agricultural waste biochar for PAH and COD removal. The PKSB showed significantly higher removal efficiency than other types of biochar. The study also provides analysis on the reusability of PKSB for up to four cycles using two different methods. The methods reflected a significantly good performance for PAH and COD removal for up to two cycles. Hence, the study demonstrated a successful application of PKSB as a potential sustainable adsorbent for the removal of micro-pollutants from produced water. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
format Article
author Alhothali, A.
Haneef, T.
Mustafa, M.R.U.
Moria, K.M.
Rashid, U.
Rasool, K.
Bamasag, O.O.
spellingShingle Alhothali, A.
Haneef, T.
Mustafa, M.R.U.
Moria, K.M.
Rashid, U.
Rasool, K.
Bamasag, O.O.
Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent
author_facet Alhothali, A.
Haneef, T.
Mustafa, M.R.U.
Moria, K.M.
Rashid, U.
Rasool, K.
Bamasag, O.O.
author_sort Alhothali, A.
title Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent
title_short Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent
title_full Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent
title_fullStr Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent
title_sort optimization of micro-pollutants� removal from wastewater using agricultural waste-derived sustainable adsorbent
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2021
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118212090&doi=10.3390%2fijerph182111506&partnerID=40&md5=0f756b111bb08822335c59ed2e704496
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/32413/
_version_ 1738657383770488832
score 13.209306