Ductile "Ice": frozen hydrogels with high ductility and compressive yielding strength

• Main Authors: Rao, Ping, Li, Tiefeng, Wu, Zi liang, Hong, Wei, Yang, Xuxu, Yu, Honghui, Wong, Tuck-Whye, Qu, Shaoxing, Yang, Wei
• Format: Article
• Published: Elsevier Ltd. 2019
• Subjects: TP Chemical technology
• Online Access: http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/89003/; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eml.2019.02.008

Ice, the solid state of water, which mainly consists of a hexagonal crystal structure in bulk, is usually very brittle. Although ice appears less brittle under compression or shear at a relatively low strain rate, it is by no means a ductile material as metal and is seldom considered as an engineeri...