Physical-mechanical properties and thermogravimetric analysis of fired clay brick incorporating palm kernel shell for alternative raw materials

• Main Authors: Sarani, Noor Amira, Abdul Kadir, Aeslina, Md. Din, Mohd. Fadhil, Hashim, Azini Amiza, Hassan, Mohd. Ikhmal Haqeem, Abdul Hamid, Nur Jannah, Hashar, Nurul Nabila Huda, Hissham, Nur Fatin Nabila, Johan, Siti Farhanah S. M.
• Format: Article
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 2023
• Subjects: TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
• Online Access: http://eprints.utm.my/106435/; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131032

This article explores the potential of incorporating palm kernel shells (PKS) from palm oil mill waste as a clay replacement for fired clay bricks. PKS, an abundant byproduct of palm oil extraction, have high cellulose content and high calorific value, making them an ideal option for clay replacemen...