A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health
Flame retardant additives (FRAs) are normally the addition of chemicals that function to prevent or slow the spread of fires. These chemicals are used in consumer products and industries and could retain in the environment even after several decades. The toxicity mechanism and risk assessment method...
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AMG Transcend Association
2022
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Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101198/1/NorRuwaidaJamian2022_AReviewontheEffectsofFlameRetardant.pdf http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101198/ http://dx.doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC126.79837993 |
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my.utm.1011982023-06-01T09:43:05Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101198/ A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health Lim, Bebianna Chean-Yiing Yusuf, Sara Yasina Jamian, Nor Ruwaida Md. Kasmani, Rafiziana Mohd. Rashid, Ammar Naidu, Dewika Wikurendra, Edza Aria Fasya, Abdul Hakim Zakkiy T Technology (General) Flame retardant additives (FRAs) are normally the addition of chemicals that function to prevent or slow the spread of fires. These chemicals are used in consumer products and industries and could retain in the environment even after several decades. The toxicity mechanism and risk assessment methods of FRAs are also discussed in this paper. Papers from Scopus, Elsevier, Environmental health perspectives (EHP), Research gate, Semantic scholar, Hindawi, and Pubmed from 2003 to recent years were reviewed to provide some views on the possible risks of FRAs and their pathways into our environment as well as into human body. While FRAs could enter the environment during the manufacturing process and the usage period, consumer items are treated with FRAs, through waste streams, during illegal open burning of solid wastes, from incineration plants from landfill leachate and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) sludge. FRAs are hazardous to humans and the environment, therefore, toxicology assessment should also be consistently conducted on the latest FRAs to ensure that they would not have adverse effects on humans and the environment. AMG Transcend Association 2022 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101198/1/NorRuwaidaJamian2022_AReviewontheEffectsofFlameRetardant.pdf Lim, Bebianna Chean-Yiing and Yusuf, Sara Yasina and Jamian, Nor Ruwaida and Md. Kasmani, Rafiziana and Mohd. Rashid, Ammar and Naidu, Dewika and Wikurendra, Edza Aria and Fasya, Abdul Hakim Zakkiy (2022) A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 12 (6). pp. 7983-7993. ISSN 2069-5837 http://dx.doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC126.79837993 DOI : 10.33263/BRIAC126.79837993 |
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T Technology (General) Lim, Bebianna Chean-Yiing Yusuf, Sara Yasina Jamian, Nor Ruwaida Md. Kasmani, Rafiziana Mohd. Rashid, Ammar Naidu, Dewika Wikurendra, Edza Aria Fasya, Abdul Hakim Zakkiy A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health |
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Flame retardant additives (FRAs) are normally the addition of chemicals that function to prevent or slow the spread of fires. These chemicals are used in consumer products and industries and could retain in the environment even after several decades. The toxicity mechanism and risk assessment methods of FRAs are also discussed in this paper. Papers from Scopus, Elsevier, Environmental health perspectives (EHP), Research gate, Semantic scholar, Hindawi, and Pubmed from 2003 to recent years were reviewed to provide some views on the possible risks of FRAs and their pathways into our environment as well as into human body. While FRAs could enter the environment during the manufacturing process and the usage period, consumer items are treated with FRAs, through waste streams, during illegal open burning of solid wastes, from incineration plants from landfill leachate and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) sludge. FRAs are hazardous to humans and the environment, therefore, toxicology assessment should also be consistently conducted on the latest FRAs to ensure that they would not have adverse effects on humans and the environment. |
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Article |
author |
Lim, Bebianna Chean-Yiing Yusuf, Sara Yasina Jamian, Nor Ruwaida Md. Kasmani, Rafiziana Mohd. Rashid, Ammar Naidu, Dewika Wikurendra, Edza Aria Fasya, Abdul Hakim Zakkiy |
author_facet |
Lim, Bebianna Chean-Yiing Yusuf, Sara Yasina Jamian, Nor Ruwaida Md. Kasmani, Rafiziana Mohd. Rashid, Ammar Naidu, Dewika Wikurendra, Edza Aria Fasya, Abdul Hakim Zakkiy |
author_sort |
Lim, Bebianna Chean-Yiing |
title |
A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health |
title_short |
A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health |
title_full |
A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health |
title_fullStr |
A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health |
title_full_unstemmed |
A review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health |
title_sort |
review on the effects of flame retardant additives towards the environment and human health |
publisher |
AMG Transcend Association |
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2022 |
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http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101198/1/NorRuwaidaJamian2022_AReviewontheEffectsofFlameRetardant.pdf http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101198/ http://dx.doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC126.79837993 |
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