The effects of baicalein extracted from oroxylum indicum leaves on neural stem cell gene expression
Ischemic stroke is a cerebral dysfunction caused by the blockage of an artery in the brain. The pathophysiological events after ischemic stroke result in cell death, neurological deficits, and brain injury. Although several ischemic stroke treatments are currently available, they are limited by t...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/60285/1/Theanpriah%20Sivalingam-E.pdf http://eprints.usm.my/60285/ |
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| Summary: | Ischemic stroke is a cerebral dysfunction caused by the blockage of an artery in the
brain. The pathophysiological events after ischemic stroke result in cell death,
neurological deficits, and brain injury. Although several ischemic stroke treatments
are currently available, they are limited by the ability to regenerate the damaged or
dysfunctional brain tissue in the ischemic brain. Hence, regenerative therapy using
neural stem cells (NSCs) can be applied to ischemic stroke treatment as it has the
ability to repair, replace and regenerate the affected region in the brain. However,
regenerative treatment using NSCs has a low cell survival rate after being transplanted
into the ischemic brain due to oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Therefore,
the present study utilized a preconditioning strategy using baicalein, a flavonoid to
investigate whether it can enhance the therapeutic properties of NSCs. This study
aimed to determine the effects of baicalein extracted from Oroxylum indicum on the
therapeutic potential of NSCs for ischemic stroke by elucidating the gene expression.
The findings showed that Angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1) (p = 0.00001) was significantly
upregulated with the highest fold change which is 5.9 followed by Superoxide
dismutase 2 (SOD2) (p = 0.000003) with fold change 3.4 indicating that fractionated
baicalein can promote angiogenesis and antioxidant properties in NSCs for ischemic
stroke. Besides, Neuroepithelial stem cell protein (NESTIN) (p = 0.039) and SRY-box
transcription factor 2 (SOX2) (p = 0.023) were significantly upregulated with fold
change 1.61 and 1.25 respectively, indicating that fractionated baicalein extract could
improve the stemness property of NSCs. Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha 6 (GABRA6) (p=0.045) also showed significant upregulation suggesting
that baicalein can potentially reduce excitotoxicity in NSCs caused by ischemic stroke.
However, unexpected result was obtained in the expression of Interleukin 1 receptor
antagonist (IL-1RN). This gene did not show any significant effect in the treated
samples which demonstrates that IL-1RN might not contribute in reducing
inflammation in NSCs. In conclusion, this study presented that baicalein active
compound could enhance revascularization, antioxidant properties, self-renewal, and
reduce excitotoxicity in NSCs. |
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