“Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition Techniques”
Analysis of ink is important particularly in the investigation of forgery cases involving handwriting and signatures. Characterisation of ballpoint pen inks among different brands becomes of great interest in questioned document since most of documents are written using ballpoint pens. The purpos...
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Universiti Sains Malaysia
2015
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my.usm.eprints.60259 http://eprints.usm.my/60259/ “Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition Techniques” Bahman, Nur Atiqah Salwa RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine Analysis of ink is important particularly in the investigation of forgery cases involving handwriting and signatures. Characterisation of ballpoint pen inks among different brands becomes of great interest in questioned document since most of documents are written using ballpoint pens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of discriminating 24 blue ballpoint pen inks from four different brands namely Kilometrico, G’Soft, Faber Castell and Stabilo. The blue ballpoint pen inks components were first separated using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) before the ink extracts were subjected to UltraViolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The colour of the spots developed on the TLC plate and their Rf values as well as the UV-Vis spectra were examined manually by direct visual examination in attempt to classify the ink into their respective group. However, this approach had failed to differentiate the ink. The UV-Vis spectra of the ink which could not be differentiated were introduced to chemometrics techniques of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). PCA had successfully differentiated and grouped all the blue ballpoint pen inks according to their brands manifested in the score plot. Using the Euclidean distance as the proximity measure and complete linkage as the linkage strategy to link cluster, HCA had also successfully differentiate the blue ballpoint pen inks under study according to the brand. The results proved that the UV-Vis spectra combine with chemometrics technique of PCA and HCA can be effective tool to differentiate blue ballpoint pen inks of different brands Universiti Sains Malaysia 2015 Monograph NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/60259/1/NUR%20ATIQAH%20SALWA%20BINTI%20BAHMAN%20-%20e.pdf Bahman, Nur Atiqah Salwa (2015) “Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition Techniques”. Project Report. Universiti Sains Malaysia. (Submitted) |
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RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine Bahman, Nur Atiqah Salwa “Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition Techniques” |
description |
Analysis of ink is important particularly in the investigation of forgery cases involving
handwriting and signatures. Characterisation of ballpoint pen inks among different
brands becomes of great interest in questioned document since most of documents
are written using ballpoint pens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
possibility of discriminating 24 blue ballpoint pen inks from four different brands
namely Kilometrico, G’Soft, Faber Castell and Stabilo.
The blue ballpoint pen inks components were first separated using Thin Layer
Chromatography (TLC) before the ink extracts were subjected to UltraViolet-Visible
(UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The colour of the spots developed on the TLC plate and their
Rf values as well as the UV-Vis spectra were examined manually by direct visual
examination in attempt to classify the ink into their respective group. However, this
approach had failed to differentiate the ink. The UV-Vis spectra of the ink which could
not be differentiated were introduced to chemometrics techniques of Principal
Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). PCA had
successfully differentiated and grouped all the blue ballpoint pen inks according to
their brands manifested in the score plot. Using the Euclidean distance as the
proximity measure and complete linkage as the linkage strategy to link cluster, HCA
had also successfully differentiate the blue ballpoint pen inks under study according
to the brand. The results proved that the UV-Vis spectra combine with chemometrics
technique of PCA and HCA can be effective tool to differentiate blue ballpoint pen
inks of different brands |
format |
Monograph |
author |
Bahman, Nur Atiqah Salwa |
author_facet |
Bahman, Nur Atiqah Salwa |
author_sort |
Bahman, Nur Atiqah Salwa |
title |
“Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens
Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition
Techniques” |
title_short |
“Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens
Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition
Techniques” |
title_full |
“Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens
Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition
Techniques” |
title_fullStr |
“Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens
Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition
Techniques” |
title_full_unstemmed |
“Characterization of Blue Ballpoint Pens
Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition
Techniques” |
title_sort |
“characterization of blue ballpoint pens
using uv-visible spectroscopy and pattern recognition
techniques” |
publisher |
Universiti Sains Malaysia |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://eprints.usm.my/60259/1/NUR%20ATIQAH%20SALWA%20BINTI%20BAHMAN%20-%20e.pdf http://eprints.usm.my/60259/ |
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1797907847002980352 |
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13.18916 |