Platinum Nanodendrites Modified Electrode For Lead (Pb) Detection

• Main Author: RamlI, Nurul Hidayah
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: T Technology; TA401-492 Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials
• Online Access: http://eprints.usm.my/47511/1/Platinum%20Nanodendrites%20Modified%20Electrode%20For%20Lead%20%28Pb%29%20Detection.pdf; http://eprints.usm.my/47511/

Pencemaran logam berat di persekitaran telah menyebabkan pengumpulan logam berat dalam rantai makanan dan mengakibatkan masalah kesihatan yang serius kepada manusia seperti kecederaan otak dan kegagalan buah pinggang. Oleh itu, pengesanan logam berat adalah penting. Dalam penyelidikan ini, platinum nanodendrit (PtNDs) telah disintesis menggunakan kaedah penurunan kimia Sifat-sifat PtNDs telah dikaji dengan menggunakan pembelau sinar-X (XRD), mikroskop transmisi elektron (TEM) dan plasma induksi optik pelepasan spektrometri (ICP-OES). Analisa XRD menunjukkan fasa yang terdapat dalam sampel adalah platinum. Analisis TEM menunjukkan struktur yang dimiliki oleh platinum adalah nanodendrit dengan saiz partikel nano ~35 nm. Analisa dari ICP-OES spektrometer menunjukkan kepekatan koloid Pt ialah 6.77 ppm. PtNDs di letakkan di atas elektrod ITO dengan jumlah lapisan yang berbeza. Nafion seterusnya di letakkan di atas lapisan terakhir elektrod PtNDs/ITO. Elektrod yang diubah suai telah dikaji menggunakan analisa voltametri berkitar (CV) dan voltammetri pelucutan anodik denyut pembezaan (DPASV). Elektrod yang diubah menunjukkan prestasi yang baik dalam pengesanan Pb (II) dengan julat linear 0.1-1 ppm. Nilai had pengesanan (LOD) untuk PtNDs/ITO dan Nafion/PtNDs/ITO ialah 0.877 dan 0.827 ppm dan sensitiviti elektrod ialah 234.11μA / ppm dan 159.89 μA / ppm. Analisis interferens menunjukkan elektrod yang diubah sangat selektif terhadap pengesanan Pb (II). Kebolehgunaan elektrod yang diubah dikaji dalam air laut untuk pengesanan Pb (II) adalah hampir sama dengan analisa menggunakan spektrometer ICP-OES. Hasil kajian mendapati elektrod PtNDs/ITO boleh digunakan sebagai pengesan plumbum. _______________________________________________________________________ Heavy metal pollution in the environment has caused accumulation of heavy metal ions in the food chain and this has led to serious health issues for humans such as brain injury and kidney failure. Thus, the detection of heavy metal is important. In this research, the platinum nanodendrites (PtNDs) were synthesized using chemical reduction method and used for fabrication of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) modified electrode for heavy metal detection. The properties of PtNDs of was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). XRD analysis revealed the phase present in the sample was platinum. The TEM analysis showed the structure of platinum was nanodendrites with a mean particle size of ~ 35 nm. The ICP-OES spectrometer analysis revealed the concentration of PtNDs solution is 6.77 mg/L. The as-synthesized PtNDs were drop-casted on the ITO electrode with varying number of layers with and without nafion. The modified electrode was subjected to cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The modified electrode showed good performance in detection of Pb(II) with linear range 0.1-1 ppm the limit of detections (LOD) were 0.877 and 0.827 ppm, and sensitivities of 234.11μA/ppm and 159.89 μA/ppm for PtNDs/ITO and Nafion/PtNDs/ITO, respectively. The interference analysis showed the modified electrode was highly selective towards detection of Pb (II). The applicability of modified electrode was studied using seawater sample for Pb (II) detection with reading in good agreement with ICP-OES analysis. The findings revealed the PtNDs/ITO electrode can be used as Pb sensor.