In Vitro Anti-Mycobacterial And Bioactive Compounds Of Pluchea Indica (L.) Less. Against Surrogate Tuberculosis Organisms

• Main Author: Jamaludin, Azirah Inez
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2016
• Subjects: QH1 Natural history (General - Including nature conservation, geographical distribution)
• Online Access: http://eprints.usm.my/32110/1/AZIRAH_INEZ_BINTI_JAMALUDIN_24%28NN%29.pdf; http://eprints.usm.my/32110/

Pluchea indica (L.) Less. merupakan tumbuhan ubatan Asia yang digunakan secara meluas dalam perubatan tradisional untuk merawat pelbagai penyakit termasuk gejala tuberkulosis (TB) dan oleh itu, dapat menyediakan sumber alternatif sebatian anti-TB. Penyaringan awal in vitro tiga bahagian berbeza P. indica menggunakan asai pencairanmikro tetrazolium menunjukkan bahagian n-heksana daun dan batang dan kloroform daun mempamerkan aktiviti rencatan terhadap Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. fortuitum and M. kansasii dengan kepekatan perencat minimum (MIC) berjulat antara 200 - 3200 μg/mL. Aktiviti paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh n-heksana daun terhadap M. kansasii dengan MIC 200 μg/mL. Pemecahan berpandu bioasai bahagian n-heksana daun dilakukan untuk analisis selanjutnya menggunakan kromatografi lapisan nipis dan kromatografi turus yang menghasilkan lapan fraksi (Fraksi A - H). Fraksi tersebut mempamerkan aktiviti terhadap M. kansasii dengan MIC berjulat antara 12.5 - 800 μg/mL. Fraksi yang sangat aktif (Fraksi A, C, D, dan E) juga merencat M. tuberculosis H37Ra dengan MIC berjulat antara 50 - 100 μg/mL. Pengenalpastian fitokimia fraksi paling aktif, Fraksi C menggunakan gas kromatografi-spektrometri jisim menghasilkan 10 sebatian yang dikenal pasti, yang mana asid n-heksadekanoik, asid 9,12-oktadekadienoik (Z,Z)-, dan asid oktadekanoik adalah sebatian utama. Pluchea indica (L.) Less. has been used widely in traditional medicine as a remedy of a variety of illnesses including symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) and thus, could provide an alternative source of anti-TB compounds. Preliminary in vitro screening of three different P. indica partitions, using tetrazolium microdilution assay showed that leaf and stem n-hexane and leaf chloroform partitions exhibited inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. fortuitum and M. kansasii with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 200 - 3200 μg/mL. The highest activity was shown by leaf n-hexane against M. kansasii with MIC of 200 μg/mL. The leaf n-hexane partition was selected for further bioassay guided fractionation process using thin layer and column chromatographic techniques, which yielded eight fractions (Fractions A - H). These fractions exhibited activity against M. kansasii with MICs in the range of 12.5 – 800 μg/mL. The highly active fractions (A, C, D, and E) also inhibited M. tuberculosis H37Ra with MICs in the range of 50 – 100 μg/mL. Phytochemical identifications of the most active fraction, Fraction C using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry produced 10 identified compounds, of which, n-hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, and octadecanoic acid were the major compounds.