Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus
One of the main concerns in Malaysian palm oil industry is the energy consumption issue which may jeopardize the sustainability of palm oil milling process as an energy-intensive process. Apart from reducing the oil loss during processing, it is crucial to determine whether the energy of the proc...
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my.upm.eprints.980712023-05-08T03:41:39Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98071/ Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus Mohd Nadzim, Ummi Kalsum Hasanah One of the main concerns in Malaysian palm oil industry is the energy consumption issue which may jeopardize the sustainability of palm oil milling process as an energy-intensive process. Apart from reducing the oil loss during processing, it is crucial to determine whether the energy of the process is utilised efficiently and sustainably. The production of crude palm oil (CPO) involves a complex process influenced by the processing variables and environmental factors. To evaluate the relationship of oil loss and processing variables and also energy aspects of the CPO production, it is important to assess the performance of various unit operations in the palm oil milling process. Therefore, application of simulation tool is seen as an alternative and sustainable approach to resolve the abovementioned issues. Thus, this study performed a steady state process simulation of palm oil milling process using ASPEN Plus V8.6. By considering assumptions and limitations of the process, modelling and simulation of palm oil milling process was successfully conducted. The simulation model of palm oil milling process was validated with the results obtained from experimental analyses based on the component composition in several streams, namely oil, water (moisture), glucan and xylan contents through absolute error. It was found that most of components have error values below 5%. All the outlet streams from the simulation model were also compared with the estimated process mass balance retrieved from the palm oil mill and defined by absolute relative deviation. It was found that most streams have deviation values below 10% and between 10-15%. This indicated that the actual results were in good agreement with model prediction, although some unit operations indicated limitation during validation. Subsequently, exergy analysis of each unit operation of palm oil milling process was also conducted, where the physical exergy was obtained from the ASPEN Plus, and the chemical exergy and exergy of mixing were determined from the calculations. The exergy analysis revealed that steriliser has the highest exergy destroyed (69%) among other unit operations, signifying opportunity to improve the energy use of milling process. Thus, process optimisation was conducted using Central Composite Design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with ASPEN Plus to investigate the effect of varying pressure (3-7 bar), sterilisation time (20–120 minutes) and steam mass flow (20–45% of FFB) on carbohydrate degradation and exergy destroyed of the sterilisation process. Results showed that glucan and xylan degradations producing glucose and xylose, respectively, were the highest at 5 bar pressure, 17550 kg/hr steam mass flow and 70 min sterilisation time with minimum exergy destroyed of 3493.9 MJ/hr. Under these conditions, the energy loss was reduced by 33.6% compared to that of conventional sterilisation conditions (5259.3 MJ/hr) at 3 bar pressure, 14500 kg/hr steam mass flow and 90 min sterilisation time. It can be inferred that the application of simulation tool such as ASPEN Plus is able to assist in predicting the performance and the use of energy of complex and energy-intensive process sustainably. The energy consumption of palm oil milling process could be effectively reduced using more appropriate operating conditions. 2020-09 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98071/1/ITMA%202021%202%20-%20IR.1.pdf Mohd Nadzim, Ummi Kalsum Hasanah (2020) Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus. Doctoral thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Oil palm - Research Exergy Palm oil - Milling |
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Oil palm - Research Exergy Palm oil - Milling Mohd Nadzim, Ummi Kalsum Hasanah Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus |
description |
One of the main concerns in Malaysian palm oil industry is the energy
consumption issue which may jeopardize the sustainability of palm oil milling
process as an energy-intensive process. Apart from reducing the oil loss during
processing, it is crucial to determine whether the energy of the process is utilised
efficiently and sustainably. The production of crude palm oil (CPO) involves a
complex process influenced by the processing variables and environmental
factors. To evaluate the relationship of oil loss and processing variables and also
energy aspects of the CPO production, it is important to assess the performance
of various unit operations in the palm oil milling process. Therefore, application
of simulation tool is seen as an alternative and sustainable approach to resolve
the abovementioned issues. Thus, this study performed a steady state process
simulation of palm oil milling process using ASPEN Plus V8.6. By considering
assumptions and limitations of the process, modelling and simulation of palm oil
milling process was successfully conducted. The simulation model of palm oil
milling process was validated with the results obtained from experimental
analyses based on the component composition in several streams, namely oil,
water (moisture), glucan and xylan contents through absolute error. It was found
that most of components have error values below 5%. All the outlet streams from
the simulation model were also compared with the estimated process mass
balance retrieved from the palm oil mill and defined by absolute relative
deviation. It was found that most streams have deviation values below 10% and
between 10-15%. This indicated that the actual results were in good agreement
with model prediction, although some unit operations indicated limitation during
validation. Subsequently, exergy analysis of each unit operation of palm oil
milling process was also conducted, where the physical exergy was obtained
from the ASPEN Plus, and the chemical exergy and exergy of mixing were
determined from the calculations. The exergy analysis revealed that steriliser has
the highest exergy destroyed (69%) among other unit operations, signifying
opportunity to improve the energy use of milling process. Thus, process
optimisation was conducted using Central Composite Design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with ASPEN Plus to investigate the effect
of varying pressure (3-7 bar), sterilisation time (20–120 minutes) and steam
mass flow (20–45% of FFB) on carbohydrate degradation and exergy destroyed
of the sterilisation process. Results showed that glucan and xylan degradations
producing glucose and xylose, respectively, were the highest at 5 bar pressure,
17550 kg/hr steam mass flow and 70 min sterilisation time with minimum exergy
destroyed of 3493.9 MJ/hr. Under these conditions, the energy loss was reduced
by 33.6% compared to that of conventional sterilisation conditions (5259.3 MJ/hr)
at 3 bar pressure, 14500 kg/hr steam mass flow and 90 min sterilisation time. It
can be inferred that the application of simulation tool such as ASPEN Plus is able
to assist in predicting the performance and the use of energy of complex and
energy-intensive process sustainably. The energy consumption of palm oil
milling process could be effectively reduced using more appropriate operating
conditions. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Mohd Nadzim, Ummi Kalsum Hasanah |
author_facet |
Mohd Nadzim, Ummi Kalsum Hasanah |
author_sort |
Mohd Nadzim, Ummi Kalsum Hasanah |
title |
Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus |
title_short |
Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus |
title_full |
Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus |
title_fullStr |
Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus |
title_full_unstemmed |
Process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus |
title_sort |
process simulation, exergy analysis and optimisation of palm oil milling process using aspen plus |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98071/1/ITMA%202021%202%20-%20IR.1.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98071/ |
_version_ |
1768009405142401024 |
score |
13.18916 |