Optimization of substation grounding grid design for horizontal and vertical multilayer and uniform soil condition using Simulated Annealing method

• Main Authors: Permal, Navinesshani, Osman, Miszaina, Mohd Ariffin, Azrul, Boopalan, Navaamsini, Ab Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin
• Format: Article
• Published: Public Library of Science 2021
• Online Access: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/94464/; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0256298

Grounding systems are critical in safeguarding people and equipment from power system failures. A grounding system’s principal goal is to offer the lowest impedance path for undesired fault current. Optimization of the grounding grid designs is important in satisfying the minimum cost of the groun...