Health risk assessment of electronic cigarette use among adults in Klang Valley, Malaysia

• Main Authors: Zulkifli, Aziemah, Zainal Abidin, Emilia, Zainol Abidin, Najihah, Praveena, Sarva Mangala, Mohd Ghazali, Hasanah, Amer Nordin, Amer Siddiq
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia 2019
• Online Access: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/76433/1/2019121207342408_MJMHS_0271.pdf; http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/76433/; https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2019121207342408_MJMHS_0271.pdf

Introduction: The electronic cigarette (EC) usage has raised public health concerns; whether its advantages to smokers as a potential smoking cessation aid have outweighed its negative health impacts among EC users. This study aims to estimate health risks associated with chemical exposures to nicot...