A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia

Groundwater resource has been exploited to a certain extent in Malaysia mainly to augment water supply to various needs of domestic, industry and agriculture. Many works have been concentrated to explore the optimum yield of groundwater in this particular area. Groundwater quality observations are m...

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Main Authors: Abd. Karim, Mohammed Hatta, Juahir, Hafizan, Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
Format: Conference or Workshop Item
Language:English
Published: Springer 2013
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55757/1/A%20comparative%20study%20of%20groundwater%20quality%20of%20various%20aquifer%20systems%20in%20Malaysia.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55757/
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spelling my.upm.eprints.557572017-06-07T08:54:48Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55757/ A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia Abd. Karim, Mohammed Hatta Juahir, Hafizan Aris, Ahmad Zaharin Groundwater resource has been exploited to a certain extent in Malaysia mainly to augment water supply to various needs of domestic, industry and agriculture. Many works have been concentrated to explore the optimum yield of groundwater in this particular area. Groundwater quality observations are merely to ensure they are within the required water quality standards. Studies on groundwater quality in Malaysia have not been in depth in terms of its origin, relationship to different types of aquifers, interrelationship with surface water, contamination possibilities as well as intrusion of saline water into the aquifers. The main objective of this paper is to examine the characteristics of groundwater quality in Malaysia particularly in alluvium and in hard rock layers. The study area will cover the Peninsular and East Malaysia comprising of 428 monitoring wells of various locations, sizes and types. A total of 267 wells are from the alluvium, while 161 wells are from the hard rock areas. Most of the shallow monitoring wells are from Sabah and Sarawak (East Malaysia) while the rest are from deep alluvium of Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Terengganu (Peninsular Malaysia). Hard rock wells are monitored mainly at Johor, Kedah, Negeri Sembilan and Melaka with some at Perak, Terengganu and Sabah. AQUACHEM is used to classify the types of groundwater present in Malaysia. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) is to group the data into different clusters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to get information on the most meaningful parameters due to spatial and temporal variations which describe the whole data set. Discriminant Analysis (DA) is used to construct the best discriminant function for each group of aquifers. Distinct differences are observed from samples of alluvium or hard rock aquifers of Peninsular Malaysia with East Malaysia. Based on the PCA, the most prominent variables of water quality of hard rock aquifers in the Peninsular Malaysia are Na, Ca, Cl, Cu and Pb, while in the East Malaysia are Na, SO4, and Cl. For alluvial aquifers, the most prominent variables in the Peninsular Malaysia are Na, Mg and Cl, while in the East Malaysia are Na, K, Cl and CO3. Springer 2013 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55757/1/A%20comparative%20study%20of%20groundwater%20quality%20of%20various%20aquifer%20systems%20in%20Malaysia.pdf Abd. Karim, Mohammed Hatta and Juahir, Hafizan and Aris, Ahmad Zaharin (2013) A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia. In: International Conference on Environmental Forensics 2013, 11-14 Nov. 2013, Marriot Hotel, Putrajaya, Malaysia. (pp. 313-317). 10.1007/978-981-4560-70-2_57
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Groundwater resource has been exploited to a certain extent in Malaysia mainly to augment water supply to various needs of domestic, industry and agriculture. Many works have been concentrated to explore the optimum yield of groundwater in this particular area. Groundwater quality observations are merely to ensure they are within the required water quality standards. Studies on groundwater quality in Malaysia have not been in depth in terms of its origin, relationship to different types of aquifers, interrelationship with surface water, contamination possibilities as well as intrusion of saline water into the aquifers. The main objective of this paper is to examine the characteristics of groundwater quality in Malaysia particularly in alluvium and in hard rock layers. The study area will cover the Peninsular and East Malaysia comprising of 428 monitoring wells of various locations, sizes and types. A total of 267 wells are from the alluvium, while 161 wells are from the hard rock areas. Most of the shallow monitoring wells are from Sabah and Sarawak (East Malaysia) while the rest are from deep alluvium of Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Terengganu (Peninsular Malaysia). Hard rock wells are monitored mainly at Johor, Kedah, Negeri Sembilan and Melaka with some at Perak, Terengganu and Sabah. AQUACHEM is used to classify the types of groundwater present in Malaysia. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) is to group the data into different clusters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to get information on the most meaningful parameters due to spatial and temporal variations which describe the whole data set. Discriminant Analysis (DA) is used to construct the best discriminant function for each group of aquifers. Distinct differences are observed from samples of alluvium or hard rock aquifers of Peninsular Malaysia with East Malaysia. Based on the PCA, the most prominent variables of water quality of hard rock aquifers in the Peninsular Malaysia are Na, Ca, Cl, Cu and Pb, while in the East Malaysia are Na, SO4, and Cl. For alluvial aquifers, the most prominent variables in the Peninsular Malaysia are Na, Mg and Cl, while in the East Malaysia are Na, K, Cl and CO3.
format Conference or Workshop Item
author Abd. Karim, Mohammed Hatta
Juahir, Hafizan
Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
spellingShingle Abd. Karim, Mohammed Hatta
Juahir, Hafizan
Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia
author_facet Abd. Karim, Mohammed Hatta
Juahir, Hafizan
Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
author_sort Abd. Karim, Mohammed Hatta
title A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia
title_short A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia
title_full A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia
title_fullStr A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed A comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in Malaysia
title_sort comparative study of groundwater quality of various aquifer systems in malaysia
publisher Springer
publishDate 2013
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55757/1/A%20comparative%20study%20of%20groundwater%20quality%20of%20various%20aquifer%20systems%20in%20Malaysia.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55757/
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score 13.211869