Current clinical status and vascular complications among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at tertiary hospitals in Malaysia

• Main Authors: Tan, Mun Chieng, Ng, Ooi Chuan, Wong, Teck Wee, Abdul Rahman, Hejar, Anthony, Joseph
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sciencedomain International 2014
• Online Access: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/36948/1/Current%20clinical%20status%20and%20vascular%20complications%20among%20patients%20with%20type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus%20at%20tertiary%20hospitals%20in%20Malaysia.pdf; http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/36948/; http://www.sciencedomain.org/abstract.php?iid=455&id=12&aid=3909

Objective: To assess the prevalence of diabetic vascular complications and cardiovascular risk factors control in type 2 diabetic patients at tertiary settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 313 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at two tertiary referral hospitals in Malaysia. Data regarding socio-demographics, macro- and microvascular complications, family health history, blood pressure, anthropometric indices, glycaemic control, and lipid profile were obtained from medical records, face-to-face interview and physical examination. Results: The mean age of patients was 55.7±9.2 years, mean diabetes duration was 10.1±8.1 years, and 52.1% were females. Approximately 36.1% patients had cardiovascular disease (CVD). There were high prevalence of established coronary artery disease (30.7%), cerebrovascular disease (10.2%), and peripheral vascular disease (5.1%). Peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy were present in 41.5%, 17.6% and 15.0% patients respectively. Only 14.1% of the patients reached optimal HbA1c level and 21.1% patients achieved target fasting plasma glucose. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 89.1%, hypertension was 80.2%, and obesity was 35.9% (BMI) and 86.5% (waist-to-hip ratio). Conclusions: Diabetic vascular complications were highly prevalent among the type 2 diabetic patients. Cardiovascular risk factors control was suboptimal. Both awareness and application of recommended guidelines need to be reinforced.