Improved anti-nociceptive, anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of orally administered liposome-encapsulated piroxicam

• Main Authors: Chiong, H.S., Yong, Y.K., Mohd Hijaz, M.S., Sulaiman, M.R., Yuen, K.H., Hakim, M.N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oriental Scientific Publishing Company 2024
• Online Access: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113662/1/113662.pdf; http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113662/; https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol17no2/improved-anti-nociceptive-anti-pyretic-and-anti-inflammatory-effects-of-orally-administered-liposome-encapsulated-piroxicam/

Piroxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown with low oral bioavailability and delayed onset of its therapeutic effects. In this work, a promising nano/ liposomal drug delivery system was exploited to improve the in vivo therapeutic efficacies of piroxicam. The current liposome-encapsulated piroxicam formulation effectively boosted and prolonged peripherally mediated anti-nociceptive activities in tests for abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid (inhibition of pain 70.19% was in mice treated with 30 mg/kg liposome-encapsulated piroxicam), paw licking induced by formalin (81.36% inhibition when compared to free unencapsulated piroxicam), and hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan (55.8% inhibition when compared to free unencapsulated piroxicam). Even lower dose of liposomes-encapsulated piroxicam was also significantly inhibit Brewer’s yeast-induced hyperthermia. Carrageenan-induced paw-edema test and cotton pellet-induced granuloma test revealed that liposomes-encapsulated piroxicam had significantly more potent acute and chronic anti-inflammatory effects than piroxicam, even if lower drug dosages were used to treat animals. A better modulation in the generation of inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, tumour necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1ß, and interleukin-10) at 18.02% (TNFa), 23.97% (IL-1ß) and 10.27% (IL-10) inhibition when compared to 30mg/kg free piroxicam group respectively. was ascribed to the higher in vivo therapeutic actions. Present nano-encapsulated piroxicam also significantly enhanced the inhibition of cyclooxgenase-2 (total percentage inhibition was increased by 18.25% and 19.22% at drug dosage of 3 and 30 mg/kg, respectively), but not cyclooxgenase-1 enzyme. In conclusion, present study showed that liposomal drug formulation was able to improve the in vivo therapeutic effects of orally administered piroxicam.