A novel oil palm frond magnetic biochar for the efficient adsorption of crystal violet and sunset yellow dyes from aqueous solution: synthesis, kinetics, isotherm, mechanism and reusability studies

• Main Authors: Oyekanmi A.A., Katibi K.K., Omar R.C., Ahmad A., Elbidi M., Alshammari M.B., Shitu I.G.
• Other Authors: 58679446300
• Format: Article
• Published: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH 2025
• Subjects: Adsorption; Azo dyes; Isotherms; Kinetics; Magnetic properties; Molar ratio; Morphology; Palm oil; Physicochemical properties; Precipitation (chemical); Saturation magnetization; Stripping (dyes); Surface morphology; Surface properties; Adsorbent dosage; Adsorption capacities; Biochar; Crystal violet; Empirical model; Energy; Magnetic biochar; Oil palm frond; Response-surface methodology; Sunset yellows; adsorption; aqueous solution; biochar; dye; isotherm; modeling; reaction kinetics; recycling; response surface methodology; Reusability

This study presented a facile synthesis route via the precipitation method for the production of magnetic biochar from oil palm frond (OPF). The physicochemical characteristics including surface, functional, and magnetic properties of the synthesized magnetic biochar revealed that the surface morpho...