Sustainable bioenergy from palm oil mill effluent: Advancements in upstream and downstream engineering with techno-economic and environmental assessment

• Main Authors: Salehmin M.N.I., Tiong S.K., Mohamed H., Zainal B.S., Lim S.S., Mohd Yasin N.H., Zakaria Z.
• Other Authors: 55628787200
• Format: Review
• Published: Korean Society of Industrial Engineering Chemistry 2025
• Subjects: Economic analysis; Economic and social effects; Effluent treatment; Effluents; Oil shale; Palm oil; Pollution control; Sustainable development; Wastewater treatment; Bio-energy; Bio-hydrogen; Biogas storage; Biogas upgrading; Biomethane; Commercialisation; Down-stream; Palm oil mill effluents; Sustainable energy; Techno-Economic analysis; Biogas

Reusing palm oil mill effluent (POME) to generate bioenergy effectively promotes a circular economy in wastewater treatment, cleaner production, and renewable energy. Traditional methods like open-air ponds and tanks are ineffective for significant biogas production and energy recovery. Additionally...