Critical Review on Composite-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes toward Fuel Cell Applications: Progress and Perspectives

• Main Authors: Wani A.A., Shaari N., Kamarudin S.K., Raduwan N.F., Yusoff Y.N., Khan A.M., Yousuf S., Ansari M.N.M.
• Other Authors: 57210150714
• Format: Review
• Published: American Chemical Society 2025
• Subjects: Elastomers; Ionomers; Nafion membranes; Polymeric membranes; Alternative to fossil fuels; Application progress; Clean energy technology; Critical review; Energy; Environmental footprints; Fuel cell application; Performance efficiency; Polymer electrolyte membranes; Proton-exchange membranes fuel cells; Composite membranes

Clean energy technologies, such as proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), have emerged as viable alternatives to fossil fuels to produce energy, which has the added benefit of reducing environmental footprints. However, their broad use has been impeded by the performance, durability, and effi...