Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate
Ammonia; Anaerobic digestion; Bioethanol; Calcium compounds; Chlorine compounds; Commerce; Cultivation; Distillation; Fertilizers; Liquids; Magnesium compounds; Marketing; Nitrogen removal; Potassium; Recycling; Sludge digestion; Sodium compounds; Stripping (removal); Sulfur compounds; Vacuum evapor...
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2023
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my.uniten.dspace-243132023-05-29T15:22:43Z Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate Akhiar A. Zamri M.F.M.A. Torrijos M. Battimelli A. Roslan E. Hanif M. Shamsuddin A.H. Carrere H. 57192410921 57354218900 6602763213 6506098955 57189299886 57198221428 35779071900 7003438084 Ammonia; Anaerobic digestion; Bioethanol; Calcium compounds; Chlorine compounds; Commerce; Cultivation; Distillation; Fertilizers; Liquids; Magnesium compounds; Marketing; Nitrogen removal; Potassium; Recycling; Sludge digestion; Sodium compounds; Stripping (removal); Sulfur compounds; Vacuum evaporation; Wastewater treatment; Wetlands; Agricultural sector; Anaerobic ammonium oxidation; Bio-ethanol production; Biomass productions; Constructed wetlands; Direct contact membrane distillation; Recovery technology; Solid liquid separation; Nutrients By-products of anaerobic digestion, digestate is commonly managed via several ways for its optimal transportion and application. The common practice for digestate management is through solid-liquid separation. The common use for solid fraction of digestates are either through land spreading; directly applied or after composting, as organic fertilizer. Several routes proposed for valorization of solid digestate include production of biochar, bio-fuel for domestic furnaces, bioethanol production after centrifugal milling as well as post treatments (enzymatic, thermal and alkaline) for the recovery of methane. Liquid fraction of digestates contain high concentration of nutrients; from 1.5 to 6.5 g/L total nitrogen and from 0.94 to 2.51 g/L total phosphorus (P2O5) as well as high ions concentrations from 0.5 to 3.1 g/L ammonium (NH4+), from 1.05 to 5.48 g/L potassium (K+) and from 0-2.13 g/L phosphate (PO43-). Besides it also contains other ions such as sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium and sulfate. High nutrients concentration limits its application to land with maximum application of 60 kg/ha/y of phosphate and 100kg/ha/y of potassium. Therefore, the removal of these nutrients is important before land application or disposal. In addition, these nutrients could be marketed to regions with high demand of nutrient or to the non-agricultural sector. The opportunities for nutrients marketing from digestate are largely unexploited and the strategies for marketing is still immature. This paper reviews the current technology on the removal, recovery as well as reuse of nutrients from liquid fraction of digestate. The discussion on the removal of nutrients include ammonia stripping, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANNAMOX), direct contact membrane distillation, constructed wetland system and vapor pressure membrane contactor. Nutrients recovery technology discussed in this paper include vacuum evaporation, struvite recovery, vacuum thermal stripping with acid absorption, combined evaporation and reverse osmosis. Meanwhile, the current technology on nutrients reuse include cultivation with microalgal for biomass production, nutrients recycling back to digester, soil application and subsurface injection into soils. � 2019 Mattingley Publishing. All rights reserved. Final 2023-05-29T07:22:43Z 2023-05-29T07:22:43Z 2019 Article 2-s2.0-85081586845 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081586845&partnerID=40&md5=d5ca4b771223f1f9917747b712a65e26 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/24313 81 11-Dec 5861 5868 Mattingley Publishing Scopus |
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Ammonia; Anaerobic digestion; Bioethanol; Calcium compounds; Chlorine compounds; Commerce; Cultivation; Distillation; Fertilizers; Liquids; Magnesium compounds; Marketing; Nitrogen removal; Potassium; Recycling; Sludge digestion; Sodium compounds; Stripping (removal); Sulfur compounds; Vacuum evaporation; Wastewater treatment; Wetlands; Agricultural sector; Anaerobic ammonium oxidation; Bio-ethanol production; Biomass productions; Constructed wetlands; Direct contact membrane distillation; Recovery technology; Solid liquid separation; Nutrients |
| author2 |
57192410921 |
| author_facet |
57192410921 Akhiar A. Zamri M.F.M.A. Torrijos M. Battimelli A. Roslan E. Hanif M. Shamsuddin A.H. Carrere H. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Akhiar A. Zamri M.F.M.A. Torrijos M. Battimelli A. Roslan E. Hanif M. Shamsuddin A.H. Carrere H. |
| spellingShingle |
Akhiar A. Zamri M.F.M.A. Torrijos M. Battimelli A. Roslan E. Hanif M. Shamsuddin A.H. Carrere H. Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate |
| author_sort |
Akhiar A. |
| title |
Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate |
| title_short |
Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate |
| title_full |
Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate |
| title_fullStr |
Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate |
| title_sort |
current technology on nutrients removal, recovery and reuse from liquid fraction of digestate |
| publisher |
Mattingley Publishing |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| _version_ |
1806424303099445248 |
| score |
13.222552 |