Acid Esterification of Fish Oil..

• Main Author: Muhamad Alif Haikal Bin Ismail
• Published: 2023
• Subjects: ESTERIFICATION; FISH OIL; CATALYST

Biodiesel is one of major non-renewable resources that is replacing the production of petroleum due to benefit of our environment. Besides that, it is also contributing one and half of our country’s economy. Biodiesel normally produced from the transesterification process by using oleo chemical sources for instance, vegetable oils and animals oil and fats. The process is enhanced with the aid of a catalyst specially with the presence of strong acid and basic solution such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide and potassium hydroxide. This research was conducted to study the effect of catalytic performance of two types of catalyst which is PTSA catalyst and Sulphuric acid in biodiesel production. The main aim of this project is to determine the optimum concentration of PTSA catalyst for esterification of fish oil. Next, to determine the optimum ratio of ethanol to oil ratio for esterification of fish oil. Lastly, to compare the effectiveness of acid esterification of fish oil with PTSA and sulphuric acid. In order to identify the effectiveness of the catalyst, esterification process is carried out in where the catalyst used for conversation of FFA in oleic acid. The result clearly shows that PTSA catalyst get