Co-infection of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. among livestock in Malaysia as revealed by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer II DNA region
Background: Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. are reported to be the most prevalent and highly pathogenic parasites in livestock, particularly in small ruminants. However, the routine conventional tool used in Malaysia could not differentiate the species accurately and therefore limit...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BioMed Central Ltd.
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/42215/1/infection.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/42215/ https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-6148-10-38 |
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| Summary: | Background: Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. are reported to be the most prevalent and highly
pathogenic parasites in livestock, particularly in small ruminants. However, the routine conventional tool used in
Malaysia could not differentiate the species accurately and therefore limiting the understanding of the co-infections
between these two genera among livestock in Malaysia. This study is the first attempt to identify the strongylids of
veterinary importance in Malaysia (i.e., H. contortus and Trichostrongylus spp.) by amplification and sequencing of
the Internal Transcribed Spacer II DNA region.
Results: Overall, 118 (cattle: 11 of 98 or 11.2%; deer: 4 of 70 or 5.7%; goats: 99 of 157 or 63.1%; swine: 4 of 91 or
4.4%) out of the 416 collected fecal samples were microscopy positive with strongylid infection. The PCR and
sequencing results demonstrated that 93 samples (1 or 25.0% of deer; 92 or 92.9% of goats) contained H. contortus.
In addition, Trichostrongylus colubriformis was observed in 75 (75.8% of 99) of strongylid infected goats and
Trichostrongylus axei in 4 (4.0%) of 99 goats and 2 (50.0%) of 4 deer. Based on the molecular results, co-infection of
H. contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. (H. contortus + T. colubriformis denoted as HTC; H. contortus + T. axei denoted
as HTA) were only found in goats. Specifically, HTC co-infections have higher rate (71 or 45.2% of 157) compared to
HTA co-infections (3 or 1.9% of 157).
Conclusions: The present study is the first molecular identification of strongylid species among livestock in
Malaysia which is essential towards a better knowledge of the epidemiology of gastro-intestinal parasitic infection
among livestock in the country. Furthermore, a more comprehensive or nationwide molecular-based study on
gastro-intestinal parasites in livestock should be carried out in the future, given that molecular tools could assist in improving diagnosis of veterinary parasitology in Malaysia due to its high sensitivity and accuracy |
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