Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia
Introduction: Although menstruation is a physiological process, it is shrouded with socio-cultural and religious beliefs. Healthcare providers should be aware that these influences may affect how women perceive their menstrual disorders. The primary objective of this study was to develop a validated...
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my.unimas.ir.366062021-11-05T08:43:32Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/36606/ Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia Chew, Keng Sheng Wong, Shirly Siew Ling Ahmad Khairi, Hassan Kian, Ee Po Norizzati, Zulkhairi Nurul Ammiera Lyieanna, Yusman H Social Sciences (General) HQ The family. Marriage. Woman RA Public aspects of medicine RG Gynecology and obstetrics Introduction: Although menstruation is a physiological process, it is shrouded with socio-cultural and religious beliefs. Healthcare providers should be aware that these influences may affect how women perceive their menstrual disorders. The primary objective of this study was to develop a validated questionnaire measuring the sociocultural and religious beliefs during menstruation. Methods: In the first stage, a preliminary list of items measuring socio-cultural and religious beliefs during menstruation was generated. In the second stage, exploratory factor analysis was performed. Finally, confirmatory factor analysis using reflective measurement model and structural equation modelling was performed using partial least squares. The practices of these beliefs were included as mediating effect. Biological symptoms of menstruation were added in as another factor. Results: A total of 400 female students from the Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia were recruited. A preliminary list of 22 items was first generated. From the confirmatory factor analysis, two factors were iteratively removed due to poor factor loadings. Four factors were retained, i.e., i) “religious beliefs”; ii) “unpleasant (or dirty) nature of menstruation”; iii) “personal restrictions (dietary and behavior)”; and iv) “restrictions of interactions with male gender”. In structural equation modelling, only 2 factors, i.e., the practices of “personal restrictions (dietary and behavioural)” and “restriction of interactions with males” had significant negative impact on quality of life. Conclusion: Menstruation should not be viewed purely from a biological lens as there are layers of sociocultural and religious beliefs surrounding it. Malaysian Medical Association 2021-11 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/36606/1/Chew%20Keng%20Sheng.pdf Chew, Keng Sheng and Wong, Shirly Siew Ling and Ahmad Khairi, Hassan and Kian, Ee Po and Norizzati, Zulkhairi and Nurul Ammiera Lyieanna, Yusman (2021) Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia. Medical Journal of Malaysia, 76 (6). pp. 783-88. ISSN 0300-5283 http://www.e-mjm.org/ |
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H Social Sciences (General) HQ The family. Marriage. Woman RA Public aspects of medicine RG Gynecology and obstetrics |
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H Social Sciences (General) HQ The family. Marriage. Woman RA Public aspects of medicine RG Gynecology and obstetrics Chew, Keng Sheng Wong, Shirly Siew Ling Ahmad Khairi, Hassan Kian, Ee Po Norizzati, Zulkhairi Nurul Ammiera Lyieanna, Yusman Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia |
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Introduction: Although menstruation is a physiological process, it is shrouded with socio-cultural and religious beliefs. Healthcare providers should be aware that these influences may affect how women perceive their menstrual disorders. The primary objective of this study was to develop a validated questionnaire measuring the sociocultural and religious beliefs during menstruation.
Methods: In the first stage, a preliminary list of items measuring socio-cultural and religious beliefs during menstruation was generated. In the second stage, exploratory factor analysis was performed. Finally, confirmatory factor analysis using reflective measurement model and structural equation modelling was performed using partial least squares. The practices of these beliefs were included as mediating effect. Biological symptoms of menstruation were added in as another factor.
Results: A total of 400 female students from the Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia were recruited. A preliminary list of 22 items was first generated. From the confirmatory factor analysis, two factors were iteratively removed due to poor factor loadings. Four factors were retained, i.e., i) “religious beliefs”; ii) “unpleasant (or dirty) nature of menstruation”; iii) “personal restrictions (dietary and behavior)”; and iv) “restrictions of interactions with male gender”. In structural equation modelling, only 2 factors, i.e., the practices of “personal restrictions (dietary and behavioural)” and “restriction of interactions with males” had significant negative impact on quality of life.
Conclusion: Menstruation should not be viewed purely from a biological lens as there are layers of sociocultural and religious beliefs surrounding it. |
format |
Article |
author |
Chew, Keng Sheng Wong, Shirly Siew Ling Ahmad Khairi, Hassan Kian, Ee Po Norizzati, Zulkhairi Nurul Ammiera Lyieanna, Yusman |
author_facet |
Chew, Keng Sheng Wong, Shirly Siew Ling Ahmad Khairi, Hassan Kian, Ee Po Norizzati, Zulkhairi Nurul Ammiera Lyieanna, Yusman |
author_sort |
Chew, Keng Sheng |
title |
Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia |
title_short |
Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia |
title_full |
Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia |
title_fullStr |
Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in Malaysia |
title_sort |
development of a validated instrument on socio-cultural and religious influences during menstruation in malaysia |
publisher |
Malaysian Medical Association |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/36606/1/Chew%20Keng%20Sheng.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/36606/ http://www.e-mjm.org/ |
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1717097750292594688 |
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13.160551 |