Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice
Background: Worldwide, the population is ageing, resulting in an associated increase in dementia prevalence. Forgetfulness in elderly people is often perceived as normal in some local cultures and thus, the early detection of dementia in primary care requires detection of symptoms other than memor...
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my.unimas.ir.302042023-05-16T02:45:52Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/30204/ Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice Zurraini, Arabi Nor Azah, Aziz Aznida Firzah, Abdul Aziz Rosdinom, Razali Sharifa Ezat, Wan Puteh R Medicine (General) Background: Worldwide, the population is ageing, resulting in an associated increase in dementia prevalence. Forgetfulness in elderly people is often perceived as normal in some local cultures and thus, the early detection of dementia in primary care requires detection of symptoms other than memory complaints. This study was conducted to screen elderly patients for early dementia in primary care using a newly developed Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) and comparing it with a standard assessment tool, the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of elderly patients using convenience sampling of consecutive patients. Elderly depression was excluded using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Exclusion criteria also included known cases of dementia. Inclusion criteria included a score of 5 or less in GDS and the presence of a reliable informant. A face-to-face interview was done using the EDQ with the patient and informant to elicit symptoms of early dementia. If the informant was not present, a telephone interview was used instead. The patient was then assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) using a cut-off point of 21. Results: Prevalence of dementia among 155 subjects was 52.3% by EDQ and 15.5% by MMSE. The EDQ demonstrated a sensitivity of 79.2% with specificity of 52.7%. Positive predictive value (PPV) of EDQ was 23.5% with the negative predictive value (NPV) of 93.2%. The strongest predictor of possible early dementia was complaints of memory problems (OR 26.22; 95% CI 2.03–338.14) followed by complaints of concentration problems (OR 14.33; 95% CI 5.53–37.12), emotional problems (OR 4.75; 95% CI 1.64–13.81) and sleep disturbances (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.15-8.56). Socio-demographic factors, medical problems and smoking status were not associated with possible dementia (p>0.05), despite that 60–70% of the elderly had chronic illnesses. Conclusion: The EDQ is a promising alternative to MMSE for screening of early dementia in primary care. Springer Nature 2013 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/30204/1/Early%20Dementia.pdf Zurraini, Arabi and Nor Azah, Aziz and Aznida Firzah, Abdul Aziz and Rosdinom, Razali and Sharifa Ezat, Wan Puteh (2013) Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice. BMC Family Practice, 14 (49). pp. 1-9. ISSN 1471-2296 https://bmcfampract.biomedcentral.com/ |
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R Medicine (General) Zurraini, Arabi Nor Azah, Aziz Aznida Firzah, Abdul Aziz Rosdinom, Razali Sharifa Ezat, Wan Puteh Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice |
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Background: Worldwide, the population is ageing, resulting in an associated increase in dementia prevalence.
Forgetfulness in elderly people is often perceived as normal in some local cultures and thus, the early detection of
dementia in primary care requires detection of symptoms other than memory complaints.
This study was conducted to screen elderly patients for early dementia in primary care using a newly developed
Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) and comparing it with a standard assessment tool, the Mini Mental State
Examination (MMSE).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of elderly patients using convenience sampling of
consecutive patients. Elderly depression was excluded using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Exclusion criteria
also included known cases of dementia. Inclusion criteria included a score of 5 or less in GDS and the presence of a
reliable informant. A face-to-face interview was done using the EDQ with the patient and informant to elicit
symptoms of early dementia. If the informant was not present, a telephone interview was used instead. The patient
was then assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) using a cut-off point of 21.
Results: Prevalence of dementia among 155 subjects was 52.3% by EDQ and 15.5% by MMSE. The EDQ
demonstrated a sensitivity of 79.2% with specificity of 52.7%. Positive predictive value (PPV) of EDQ was 23.5% with
the negative predictive value (NPV) of 93.2%. The strongest predictor of possible early dementia was complaints of
memory problems (OR 26.22; 95% CI 2.03–338.14) followed by complaints of concentration problems (OR 14.33;
95% CI 5.53–37.12), emotional problems (OR 4.75; 95% CI 1.64–13.81) and sleep disturbances (OR 3.14; 95% CI
1.15-8.56). Socio-demographic factors, medical problems and smoking status were not associated with possible
dementia (p>0.05), despite that 60–70% of the elderly had chronic illnesses.
Conclusion: The EDQ is a promising alternative to MMSE for screening of early dementia in primary care. |
format |
Article |
author |
Zurraini, Arabi Nor Azah, Aziz Aznida Firzah, Abdul Aziz Rosdinom, Razali Sharifa Ezat, Wan Puteh |
author_facet |
Zurraini, Arabi Nor Azah, Aziz Aznida Firzah, Abdul Aziz Rosdinom, Razali Sharifa Ezat, Wan Puteh |
author_sort |
Zurraini, Arabi |
title |
Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice |
title_short |
Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice |
title_full |
Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice |
title_fullStr |
Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early Dementia Questionnaire (EDQ) : A new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice |
title_sort |
early dementia questionnaire (edq) : a new screening instrument for early dementia in primary care practice |
publisher |
Springer Nature |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/30204/1/Early%20Dementia.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/30204/ https://bmcfampract.biomedcentral.com/ |
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13.188404 |