Development of yellow puffer, Xenopterus naritus embryo and its tetrodotoxin studies
This study was carried out to document the embryonic development and to determine the concentration of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in yellow puffer, Xenopterus naritus from Batang Saribas, Sarawak. Artificial fertilisation was conducted on site for production of embryos. The embryos were pale yellow with d...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Final Year Project Report |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS)
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15447/4/Suhaina%20Nashath%28fulltext%29.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/15447/ |
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| Summary: | This study was carried out to document the embryonic development and to determine the concentration of
tetrodotoxin (TTX) in yellow puffer, Xenopterus naritus from Batang Saribas, Sarawak. Artificial fertilisation
was conducted on site for production of embryos. The embryos were pale yellow with diameter size of 1.2 mm
and many oil globules were observed. The embryonic development lasted until blastula stage with pH of 7.33,
temperature of 27.5°C, salinity of 20 ppt and dissolved oxygen of 4.1±2.3 mg/l. The embryonic development
was slow in October due to end of spawning season. Gonadal histology were conducted to study the maturity
stages of X. naritus. Ovaries and testes were in immature and early developing stages during off-season period
which signified a lower reproduction success in X naritus broodstocks. A total of 10 female and 11 male
broodstocks were obtained with total length ranged from 20.7-26.3 cm and 13.6-20.5 cm for females and males
respectively. The body weight ranged from 155.34-483.00 g and 71.12-274.05 g for females and males
respectively. The mass of gonad and liver ranged from 0.11-1.96 g and 0.93-67.25 g respectively. The
concentration of TTX were analysed in Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Liquid Chromatography-
Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The Rf value of TLC in buffer I showed liver and intestine had the
nearest Revalue with standard at 0.86 and 0.83 respectively meanwhile for buffer 2 in muscle at 0.38. The highest amount of TTX were in muscle (59.81±4.00 MU/g) while testes the least (8.58 MU/g) when analysed
in LC-MS/MS. All the tissues were classified as weakly toxic except for testes as non-toxic. This study is
significantly important to study the reproductive strategy in embryos for hatchery seeds production in
aquaculture and TTX screening to ensure safe consumption of X. naritus. |
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