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Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR)

Master of Science in Mechatronic Engineering

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Siti Aishah, Baharuddin
Other Authors: Cheng, Ee Meng, Dr.
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) 2017
Subjects:
Reflectometer
Honeybee
Microwave detectors
Dielectrics
Online Access:http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/76663
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spelling my.unimap-766632022-11-01T02:06:51Z Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR) Siti Aishah, Baharuddin Cheng, Ee Meng, Dr. Reflectometer Honeybee Microwave detectors Dielectrics Master of Science in Mechatronic Engineering This thesis presents a study on the development of multiple frequencies Six-Port Reflectometer (SPR) in characterizing pure and adulterated honey through reflection measurement. As honey adulteration is one of major health concern among consumer, thus it has paramount importance in inspecting the quality of honey. One of proposed methods is to characterize honey by using microwave reflection technique because this technique is simple, rapid and non-destructive. However, due to bulky and expensive PNA network analyzer, thus, SPR is introduced. In this work, reduction of cost and compactness are the main concern in designing Five-Port ring junction circuit. The microstrip Five-Port ring junction circuit was designed using AWR Microwave Office 2002. The fabricated circuit works with PICO analogue-digital converter (ADC), openended coaxial sensor, diode detectors and computing machine to form a complete SPR measurement system. The reflection measurements were conducted on Honey Gold and Trigona Honey for multiple frequencies of 0.60 GHz, 0.64 GHz, 0.80 GHz, 2.28 GHz, 2.42 GHz, 2.82 GHz, 3.47 GHz, 3.75 GHz and 4.21 GHz since most of the developed SPR implement at single frequency. The performance of SPR in reflection measurement was verified by Agilent E8362B PNA Network Analyzer. Besides, dielectric measurement was conducted to investigate its dielectric behavior due to water and sucrose content in honey. It can be noticed that dielectric constant, ε’ decreases when frequency increases. In the meantime, ε’ decreases with increases water and sucrose content for Honey Gold and Trigona Honey. Meanwhile, for water adulterated Honey Gold and Trigona Honey, loss factor, ε” decrease when frequencies increases. In addition, ε” decreases when water content < 36% and < 43% for Honey Gold and Trigona Honey, respectively. It can be found that at 1 GHz to 4 GHz, ε” increases when sucrose content increases which applicable for Honey Gold and Trigona Honey. In reflection measurement, magnitude of reflection coefficient, |Γ| decrease when frequency increases for all percentage of water and sucrose content for both honeys. Withal, phase, -φ increases as frequency increases for both water adulterated honeys. -φ varies insignificantly when sucrose content increases for both sucrose adulterated honeys. Furthermore, it was found that all fabricated circuits have good agreement in measurement for |Г| and φ. The measurement accuracy of water adulterated between PNA and SPR for both honeys exhibit absolute error less than 0.15 in |Г| and absolute error of 17° in φ. Meanwhile, sucrose adulterated honey measurement provides the high accuracy in measurement of sucrose content with absolute error for |Г| is less than 0.13 and in φ is 14°. On the other hand, all fabricated SPR circuits are able to provide an accurate prediction in terms of water content and sucrose content. This study shows that the SPR can be an alternative in replacing the bulky and expensive PNA. The SPR is a simple, fast, accurate and portable instrumentation system for characterize pure and adulterated honey. 2017 2022-11-01T02:06:51Z 2022-11-01T02:06:51Z Thesis http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/76663 en Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) School of Mechatronic Engineering
institution Universiti Malaysia Perlis
building UniMAP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Perlis
content_source UniMAP Library Digital Repository
url_provider http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/
language English
topic Reflectometer
Honeybee
Microwave detectors
Dielectrics
spellingShingle Reflectometer
Honeybee
Microwave detectors
Dielectrics
Siti Aishah, Baharuddin
Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR)
description Master of Science in Mechatronic Engineering
author2 Cheng, Ee Meng, Dr.
author_facet Cheng, Ee Meng, Dr.
Siti Aishah, Baharuddin
format Thesis
author Siti Aishah, Baharuddin
author_sort Siti Aishah, Baharuddin
title Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR)
title_short Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR)
title_full Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR)
title_fullStr Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR)
title_full_unstemmed Development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (SPR)
title_sort development of pure and adulterated honey measurement system using multiple frequencies six-port reflectometer (spr)
publisher Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
publishDate 2017
url http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/76663
_version_ 1751537936670654464
score 13.214268

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