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Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses

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Main Authors: Amena, Sibghatullah, Ummi Naiemah, Saraih, Hanim, Hamdan
Other Authors: amena@kiet.edu.pk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: School of Business Innovation and Technopreneurship, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) 2022
Subjects:
Gender equality
Mediation analyses
Moderation analyses
Pakistan
Women
Online Access:http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/75783
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spelling my.unimap-757832022-08-02T04:12:28Z Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses Amena, Sibghatullah Amena, Sibghatullah Ummi Naiemah, Saraih Hanim, Hamdan amena@kiet.edu.pk Faculty of Management Sciences, KIET Faculty of Applied & Human Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Gender equality Mediation analyses Moderation analyses Pakistan Women Link to publisher's homepage at https://ijbt.unimap.edu.my The goal of this study is to build to investigate the elements that influence gender equality in Karachi Societies. Karachi is one of Pakistan's largest cities, a developing country in South East Asia. When it comes to gender, the country, like many other developing countries, has a substantial inequality in resources and rights. Women in developing countries are influenced by a variety of socio-cultural practices and racial factors, including a diverse range of spiritual traditions, a complicated legal system, and complex economic and political quandaries. In this study, the non-probabilistic convenience sampling strategy was used for the reason of addressing incomplete population of the target audience during the COVID-19 lockout. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was carried out in this study with the help of smart PLS software to establish a causal link between the predictor, mediating, moderating, and criterion variables. Keeping a watch on the data, it becomes clear that the independent variables separately have a weak to moderating impact towards the variable there pertaining to be at the mediator factor are the dependent variable. The mediating variables have a relatively stronger contribution to gender equality. The beta value of each of use is 0.36, indicating a weak to moderate contribution, whereas the beta value of distinction is 0.59, indicating a moderate to higher contribution to gender equality. The average contribution value of all independent variables is greater than 0.20, with some values reaching up to 0.30, indicating a moderate to weak contribution to gender equality. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the concerns and causes related to women's challenges; however, lack of causal (explanatory) research has been conducted on the subject. Thus, this research provides fruitful knowledge to the existing literature on the mediation and moderation analyses towards gender equality among societies in Pakistan. 2022 2022-08-02T04:12:28Z 2022-08-02T04:12:28Z 2022-06 Article International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship, vol.12(2), 2022, pages 13-28 2231-7090 (printed) 2232-1543 (online) http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/75783 https://ijbt.unimap.edu.my en School of Business Innovation and Technopreneurship, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
institution Universiti Malaysia Perlis
building UniMAP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Perlis
content_source UniMAP Library Digital Repository
url_provider http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/
language English
topic Gender equality
Mediation analyses
Moderation analyses
Pakistan
Women
spellingShingle Gender equality
Mediation analyses
Moderation analyses
Pakistan
Women
Amena, Sibghatullah
Amena, Sibghatullah
Ummi Naiemah, Saraih
Hanim, Hamdan
Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses
description Link to publisher's homepage at https://ijbt.unimap.edu.my
author2 amena@kiet.edu.pk
author_facet amena@kiet.edu.pk
Amena, Sibghatullah
Amena, Sibghatullah
Ummi Naiemah, Saraih
Hanim, Hamdan
format Article
author Amena, Sibghatullah
Amena, Sibghatullah
Ummi Naiemah, Saraih
Hanim, Hamdan
author_sort Amena, Sibghatullah
title Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses
title_short Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses
title_full Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses
title_fullStr Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses
title_full_unstemmed Factors affecting gender equality among societies in Karachi, Pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses
title_sort factors affecting gender equality among societies in karachi, pakistan: a mediation and moderation analyses
publisher School of Business Innovation and Technopreneurship, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
publishDate 2022
url http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/75783
_version_ 1743108374368616448
score 13.214268

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