Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC)
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my.unimap-747502022-03-22T02:24:10Z Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC) Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, Abdullah Mohd Fadzil, Arshad Rafiza, Abd Razak Muhammad Faheem, Mohd Tahir Remy Rozainy, Mohd Arif Zainol Nabiałek, Marcin Sandu, Andrei Victor Wysłocki, Jerzy J. Błoch, Katarzyna warid.wazien92@yahoo.com mustafa_albakri@unimap.edu.my Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Department of Physics, Częstochowa University of Technology Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi Microstructure Fly ash Geopolymer Bonding zone Link to publisher's homepage at https://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials In recent years, research and development of geopolymers has gained significant interest in the fields of repairs and restoration. This paper investigates the application of a geopolymer as a repair material by implementation of high-calcium fly ash (FA) as a main precursor, activated by a sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution. Three methods of concrete substrate surface preparation were cast and patched: as-cast against ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC), with drilled holes, wire-brushed, and left as-cast against the OPCC grade 30. This study indicated that FA-based geopolymer repair materials (GRMs) possessed very high bonding strength at early stages and that the behavior was not affected significantly by high surface treatment roughness. In addition, the investigations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy have revealed that the geopolymer repair material became chemically bonded to the OPC concrete substrate, due to the formation of a C–A–S–H gel. Fundamentally, the geopolymer network is composed of tetrahedral anions (SiO4)4− and (AlO4)5− sharing the oxygen, which requires positive ions such as Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+, Na+, Ba2+, NH4+, and H3O+. The availability of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) at the surface of the OPCC substrate, which was rich in calcium ions (Ca2+), reacted with the geopolymer; this compensated the electron vacancies of the framework cavities at the bonding zone between the GRM and the OPCC substrate. 2022 2022-03-22T02:24:10Z 2022-03-22T02:24:10Z 2020-12 Article Materials, vol.14(1), 2021, 14 pages 1996-1944 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/74750 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010056 en MDPI AG |
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Microstructure Fly ash Geopolymer Bonding zone |
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Microstructure Fly ash Geopolymer Bonding zone Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, Abdullah Mohd Fadzil, Arshad Rafiza, Abd Razak Muhammad Faheem, Mohd Tahir Remy Rozainy, Mohd Arif Zainol Nabiałek, Marcin Sandu, Andrei Victor Wysłocki, Jerzy J. Błoch, Katarzyna Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC) |
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Link to publisher's homepage at https://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials |
| author2 |
warid.wazien92@yahoo.com |
| author_facet |
warid.wazien92@yahoo.com Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, Abdullah Mohd Fadzil, Arshad Rafiza, Abd Razak Muhammad Faheem, Mohd Tahir Remy Rozainy, Mohd Arif Zainol Nabiałek, Marcin Sandu, Andrei Victor Wysłocki, Jerzy J. Błoch, Katarzyna |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, Abdullah Mohd Fadzil, Arshad Rafiza, Abd Razak Muhammad Faheem, Mohd Tahir Remy Rozainy, Mohd Arif Zainol Nabiałek, Marcin Sandu, Andrei Victor Wysłocki, Jerzy J. Błoch, Katarzyna |
| author_sort |
Warid Wazien, Ahmad Zailani |
| title |
Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC) |
| title_short |
Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC) |
| title_full |
Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC) |
| title_fullStr |
Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (GRM) and ordinary portland cement concrete (OPCC) |
| title_sort |
characterisation at the bonding zone between fly ash based geopolymer repair materials (grm) and ordinary portland cement concrete (opcc) |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| url |
http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/74750 |
| _version_ |
1729704801401307136 |
| score |
13.222552 |