Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites

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Main Author: Yeng, Xin Yin
Other Authors: School of Bioprocess Engineering
Format: Other
Language:English
Published: Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) 2022
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Online Access:http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/73304
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spelling my.unimap-733042022-01-12T00:53:10Z Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites Yeng, Xin Yin School of Bioprocess Engineering Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) Acid hydrolysis Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVOH) Nanocrystalline Empty fruit bunch (EFB) Access is limited to UniMAP community. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was extracted from Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) fiber by different types of acid during acid hydrolysis. The acids used include sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid. A few tests were carried out to determine the suitable CNC extracted from three acids which was suitable for the reinforcement of polyvinyl alcohol biocomposites. Due to the highest yield and stability of CNC extracted from sulphuric acid, it was choosen as a filler added into Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVOH) solution. Different content of CNC (1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt%) was reinforced into the PVOH solution and produced a transparent film. Several tests were carried out to study the effect of different concentration of CNC on the mechanical properties, morphological structure and water absorbability of PVOH composites. The tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of PVOH composites were higher than pure PVOH film and they were increased along with an increment of CNC content. While the elongation at break of PVOH film decreased with the increase of CNC content in PVOH composites. PVOH film with 1 wt% of CNC content showed the best condition as the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity increased when CNC added. At the same time, the elongation at break of PVOH film decreased at 1 wt% content of CNC. For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pores, rough surface and smooth surface on the PVOH composites were observed from the micrographs. At the same time, the percentage of weight changes on PVOH reinforced CNC was higher than pure PVOH film during water absorption testing. The weight changes increase with the CNC content increase. 2022-01-12T00:53:10Z 2022-01-12T00:53:10Z 2017-06 Other http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/73304 en Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
institution Universiti Malaysia Perlis
building UniMAP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Perlis
content_source UniMAP Library Digital Repository
url_provider http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/
language English
topic Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)
Acid hydrolysis
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVOH)
Nanocrystalline
Empty fruit bunch (EFB)
spellingShingle Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)
Acid hydrolysis
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVOH)
Nanocrystalline
Empty fruit bunch (EFB)
Yeng, Xin Yin
Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites
description Access is limited to UniMAP community.
author2 School of Bioprocess Engineering
author_facet School of Bioprocess Engineering
Yeng, Xin Yin
format Other
author Yeng, Xin Yin
author_sort Yeng, Xin Yin
title Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites
title_short Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites
title_full Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites
title_fullStr Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites
title_full_unstemmed Effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites
title_sort effect of acid hydrolysis on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol composites
publisher Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
publishDate 2022
url http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/73304
_version_ 1724609990668320768
score 13.222552