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Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Siti Fatinah Afiqah, Sukiman
Other Authors: Dr. Nasrul Hamidin
Format: Learning Object
Language:English
Published: Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) 2013
Subjects:
Drinking water
Disinfection by-products (DBPs)
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)
Human health
Drinking water quality
Online Access:http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/23662
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spelling my.unimap-236622013-02-18T08:22:13Z Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives Siti Fatinah Afiqah, Sukiman Dr. Nasrul Hamidin Drinking water Disinfection by-products (DBPs) N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Human health Drinking water quality Access is limited to UniMAP community. The use of chlorine as a disinfectant in drinking water has resulted to chemical compounds known as disinfection by-products (DBPs). The present of these compounds has become emerging issue due to its potential health effects on humans. To gauge the risk of DBPs on human health risk evaluation was carried out on selected compounds using cancer risk and probabilistic technique. 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) were selected based on their potential health effects on humans. Concentration data from several countries covering both compounds were gathered from published literature. More than 80% of the concentration data for MX and NDMA were below the WHO guidelines value of 6.7 ng/L and 100 ng/L respectively. The estimates human intake for MX and NDMA ranged between .6×10-9 to 1.3×10-5 mg/kg/day and 5.0×10-8 to 4.6×10-6 mg/kg/day respectively. With MX there is no overlap between exposure dose (EXPD) with Human Equivalent Dose (HED). The highest exposure dose was approximately 103 lower than the lowest HED value. However, with NDMA there is a high risk in the 80% population group with 1 in 10,000 is likely to obtain cancer associated with this exposure limit. 2013-02-18T08:07:46Z 2013-02-18T08:07:46Z 2011-05 Learning Object http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/23662 en Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) School of Environmental Engineering
institution Universiti Malaysia Perlis
building UniMAP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Perlis
content_source UniMAP Library Digital Repository
url_provider http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/
language English
topic Drinking water
Disinfection by-products (DBPs)
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)
Human health
Drinking water quality
spellingShingle Drinking water
Disinfection by-products (DBPs)
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)
Human health
Drinking water quality
Siti Fatinah Afiqah, Sukiman
Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives
description Access is limited to UniMAP community.
author2 Dr. Nasrul Hamidin
author_facet Dr. Nasrul Hamidin
Siti Fatinah Afiqah, Sukiman
format Learning Object
author Siti Fatinah Afiqah, Sukiman
author_sort Siti Fatinah Afiqah, Sukiman
title Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives
title_short Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives
title_full Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives
title_fullStr Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: An international perspectives
title_sort disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water and their potential health effects on humans: an international perspectives
publisher Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
publishDate 2013
url http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/xmlui/handle/123456789/23662
_version_ 1643794071227990016
score 13.222552

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