Antiproliferative effect of Acanthaceae Species on human breast cancer cell line MCF7

• Main Author: Kevin Larson S Galono
• Format: Academic Exercise
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: QH Natural history
• Online Access: https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/17452/1/antiproliferative_effect_of_acanthaceae.pdf; https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/17452/

This experiment was done in order to investigate the effectiveness of the extract from Acanthaceae species in inhibiting the proliferative of human breast cancer cell MCF7. Plant extracts were obtained from Strobilanthes crispus (SC), Clinacanthus nutans (CN), and Ruellia tuberosa (RT). Methanol leaf extract from SC (SCML) showed an IC50 value at 85 µ-Ig/ml while methanol stem extract (SCMS) showed an IC50 of 76 µ-Ig/ml. Ethyl acetate leaf extract from SC (SCEAL) showed IC50 value at 89 µ-Ig/ml while for ethyl acetate stem of SC (SCEAS) showed IC50 value at 83.5 -Ig/ml. Value of ICso for SC is very high, meaning the low cytotoxic activity compared to other extracts. ICso for methanol CN root (CNMR) extract was IC50 at 41µ-1g/ml while ethyl acetate for CN root showed the lowest IC50 at 8.5 µ-Ig/ml, meaning high level of cytotoxicity. Methanol of RT leaf extract showed the IC50 value at 37 µ-Ig/ml, while for stem IC50 showed at 34 µ-Ig/ml. IC50 for ethyl acetate of RT leaf extract (RTEAL) was 45 µ-Ig/ml, and for RTEAS showed at 34.5 µ-Ig/ml. The combination treatments were done to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment towards the human breast cancer cell line MCF7. For combination treatment that showed indifferent effect were the combination of SCEAS and RTEAL extracts at concentration ratio of 1:1 and 2:1, the combination of SCEAL and RTEAL at concentration ratio 1: 1 and 2: 1, and extract combination of SCEAS and RTML at ratio 1: 1 and 1:2. The combination of SCEAS and RTEAL at the ratio 1:2 showed an effective additive effect with low Frictional Inhibitory Index (FIX) value. Antagonistic effect was found in cells treated with extract SCEAL and RTEAL at concentration ratio 1:2 and extract SCEAS and RTML at ratio 2:1. Cell morphology was studied in order to determine the morphological changes of the cell in the treatment. Some apoptotic-like features such as cell nucleus condensed, apoptotic body and ring formation in nuclear envelope were observed. Overall, cell treated with plant extract CNEAR shows the highest antiproliferative effect at the lowest IC50 value, while combination of SCEAS and RTEAL at the ratio of 1:2 is the best combination treatment because it shows additive effect.