Factorial analysis on the preparation of barium titanate-epoxy resin composite for antenna substrate

• Main Authors: Nur Sofia Idayu, Didik Aprianto, Nurulfadzilah, Hasan, Nurul Izzah Izzaty, Mohd Nadzri, Nur Farhana, Mustafa, Loh, Fui Qi, Ahmad Afif, Mohd Faudzi, Nurhafizah, Abu Talip Yusof, Mohamad Shaiful, Abdul Karim
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English
• Published: Electromagnetics Academy 2024
• Subjects: TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
• Online Access: http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42458/1/Factorial%20Analysis%20on%20the%20Preparation%20of%20Barium%20Titanate-Epoxy_ABST.pdf; http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42458/13/Factorial%20Analysis%20on%20the%20Preparation%20of%20Barium%20Titanate-Epoxy.pdf; http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/42458/; https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERC24063002; https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERC24063002

This study investigates the preparation and characterization of barium titanate-epoxy resin composites, focusing on main factors influencing the dielectric properties of that composite materials. Using a 2k fractional factorial design, the effects of heating temperature, stirring speed, stirring time, and hardening process on the permittivity were thoroughly investigated. Sixteen samples were prepared and analyzed using Design-Expert software, with permittivity measurements conducted via the waveguide method and a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) in the 4-6 GHz range. Results show significant impacts from stirring time and speed, with optimal conditions identified as 50°C heating, 500 rpm stirring speed, three minutes stirring time, and room temperature hardening from two-level factorial analysis (TLFA). These findings provide valuable insights into the best fabrication conditions for barium titanite-epoxy resin composites, contributing to the development of antenna substrate with a permittivity value of 7.0208 and a loss tangent of 0.0238 that is suitable for high-frequency communication applications.