Study on antiproliferative activity of hypsizygus tessellatus and flammulina velutipes extracts adsorbed on sulphated zirconia nanoparticles against breast cancer cell lines

• Main Author: Ishmael, Ukaegbu Chinonso
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2019
• Subjects: Q Science (General); RV Botanic, Thomsonian, and eclectic medicine; T Technology (General)
• Online Access: http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29282/1/Study%20on%20antiproliferative%20activity%20of%20hypsizygus%20tessellatus%20and%20flammulina%20velutipes.pdf; http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29282/

In this study, the in vitro biological activities of water, methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate extracts of two Hypsizygus tessellatus variants (brown Buna shimeji and white Bunapi shimeji) and Flammulina velutipes (Enoki) were investigated. The caps and stems of the mushrooms were extracted with different solvents and chemically characterized for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), antioxidant activities (against DPPH and FRAP). Furthermore, the extracted phytochemicals from the mushrooms were identified using Ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF/MS). A multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was performed on the extracted phytochemicals from the mushrooms based on the solvents used during the extraction process. Then, the antiproliferative activity of the potent fractions were evaluated against two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) using MTT assay. Further investigations were carried out on the antiproliferative activity of the mushroom extracts adsorbed on sulphated zirconia nanoparticles (SZN). The results of this study showed the mushroom caps extracts to have more TPC and TFC compared to the stem extracts. Enoki cap extracts contained higher TPC and TFC compared to Buna shimeji and Bunapi shimeji cap extracts. The mushroom order of the observed antioxidant activity of the extracts was: Enoki > Bunapi shimeji > Buna shimeji, and in the solvent order: water > methanol > acetone > ethyl acetate. The TPC of the extracts showed a positive correlation with their antioxidant activities whole the MCA analysis showed a positive correlation between the extraction solvents and the extracted phytochemicals from the mushrooms. The antiproliferative study of the extracts using two cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) showed a considerable level of sensitivity of the cell lines to water and methanol extracts of Enoki and Bunapi shimeji caps. Among the extracts, Enoki caps water extract showed the highest antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 (IC50 value ranged from 14.42–24.84 μg/mL) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50 value ranged from 151.57 – 227.99 μg/mL) after 72 h. SZN also showed a considerable level of antiproliferative activity against the cancer cell lines at the studied concentrations while the Normal (normal) cells were less sensitive to SZN (IC50 value range of 130.7 – 134.1 μg/mL) compared to MCF-7 cells (IC50 value range of 36.5 – 37.0 μg/mL) and MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 value range of 68.9 – 70.9 μg/mL). The adsorption of the extracts on SZN synergistically improved their antiproliferative activities against the cancer cell lines (p < 0.05), but Enoki caps water extract showed the best antiproliferative activity after adsorption on SZN. Conclusively, water and methanol extracts of Enoki and Bunapi shimeji caps significantly inhibited the in vitro proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231, and it can be suggested that their antiproliferative activity against the cancer cell lines was enhanced through adsorption of the phytochemicals on the sulphated zirconia nanoparticles.