Evaluation of the sanitary sewerage system flow design in Kuantan city

• Main Author: Yap, Hiew Thong
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
• Online Access: http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24927/1/Evaluation%20of%20the%20sanitary%20sewerage%20system%20flow%20design.pdf; http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24927/

Sewerage system is the sole infrastructure which conveys sewage to sewerage treatment plants. The usage of a sewerage system should be optimized at the design stage to enhance environmental protection and human health. Flow design parameters and inflow infiltration are significant in the design of sewerage systems. Malaysian sewerage systems are designed according to the Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guidelines (MSIG). Inadequate consideration of flow design parameters and allowable infiltration in sewerage systems can bring negative effects in terms of construction cost, human health and environmental issues. The objectives of this research are to analyze and evaluate the flow parameters as well as infiltration rate in the sewerage system of residential catchments in Kuantan, Pahang. Flowrate data was collected from four residential areas, namely Taman Lepar Hilir Saujana, Taman Pandan Damai, Bandar Putra, and Kota Sas over a period of one and a half years. The Population Equivalent (PE) surveyed amounted to 1253, 2244, 1694, and 3950, respectively. ISCO 4250 and 2150 Area Velocity Flowmeters as well as ISCO 674 Rain Gauge were used to measure flowrate data and rainfall intensity at 5-minute intervals. Those data were analyzed separately for wet and dry period. Before installation on site, equipment calibration was done. For the groundwater infiltration measurement, actual groundwater table was measured using the Rugged Baro TROLL and Rugged TROLL 100 Data Logger at intervals of five minutes. According to MSIG Clause 2.1.14, the current value of per capita flow and design criterion is 0.225 m3/d/person and 4.7, respectively. Meanwhile, the allowable infiltration rate is 0.05 m3/mm/km/d. However, based on the results obtained the average per capita flow was found to be 0.252 m3/d/person, 12% higher than 0.225 m3/d/person and for the average design criterion, the result from this study gave 2.01 which is 57% lower than 4.7. In terms of infiltration rate, the overall result obtained is 14.99 m3/mm/km/d which is 29880% higher than 0.05 m3/mm/km/d. In terms of groundwater infiltration at Bandar Putra, the sewer pipeline is submerged in the groundwater table. This may have caused the infiltration rate to be very high at this location. The results confirmed that the design of the sewerage systems at the monitored site locations are sufficient by using current Peak Flow Factor equation to cater to the PE surveyed.