Speciation Analysis of Elements in Surface Water Sample at Kelantan River, Kota Bharu by ED-XRF

• Main Author: Mansor, Nur Nadzirah
• Format: Undergraduate Final Project Report
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://discol.umk.edu.my/id/eprint/6906/

The aim of this study is to determine the heavy metals of Al, Cd, Fe, Mg and Mn and others element contain in thesurface water sample of the Kelantan River area Kota Bharu. A total of 5 sampling station were selected in the area and water was sampled with duplicate with two times sampling. The physical parameter such as temperature, pH, salinity, DO, TDS and conductivity were carried out in sampling station to study the contamination extent in the river. Collected water sample were kept in ice and acidified to below pH 2 using nitrate acid (analytical grade HN03). All the water samples were analyse by using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) following standard method procedures. Generally the results indicate all the elements contain in water samples include heavy metal. Fives heavy metal was present in the water samples which are Al, Cd, Fe, Mg and Mn. In conclusion, the highest concentrations of heavy metals are in Station 1, 2 and 3 due to the anthropogenic activities while the lowest concentrations of heavy metals are in Station 5 which are downstream of the river. Averagesothers element which are Ba, Ca, Cl, K, P, S, Sn, Sb, Si, Al, Cd, Fe and Mg from the water sample indicate in the National Water Quality Standard (NWQS) in Malaysia was also high and some of element like Br and Mnis still in the NWQS range. Therefore it is necessity of government and Environment Department to keep on monitoring the pollution level of the water bodies in the area.