Incorporation of Thiol-Modified and Carboxyl-MoS2 Films as Support Layer in Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing Platform for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Detection

• Main Authors: Nor, Sharifah Norsyahindah Syed, Rasanang, Nur Syafiqah, Karman, Salmah, Zaman, Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul, Harun, Sulaiman Wadi, Arof, Hamzah
• Format: Article
• Published: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 2024
• Subjects: R Medicine (General); TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
• Online Access: http://eprints.um.edu.my/47034/; https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3349390

In the event of a severe acute respiratorysyndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, rapid viraldetection is crucial for proper patient management. Althoughthe development of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)in optical biosensing for rapid viral detection is grow-ing, gold (Au) as a metallic sensing surface for SPRbiosensors exhibits inadequate sensitivity for sensitive viralrecognition. Hence, this study attempted to fabricate arapid and ultrasensitive SPR detection platform using dif-ferent support layers, such as a self-assembled mono-layer (SAM), consisting of 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid(11-MUA), and 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) in addi-tion to transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) carboxyl-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2-COOH) for the detection ofSARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein). The sensing surfacewas characterized using Raman spectroscopy, Fourier trans-form infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM) before and after depositions, followed bySPR measurement testing with variation concentration of SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Performance parameters such assensitivity, full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), detection accuracy (DA), figure of merit (FoM), quality factor (QF), andlimit of detection (LoD) are calculated and compared between 11-MUA/Au/BK7 prism, 3-MPA/Au/BK7 prism, and MoS2-COOH/Au/BK7 prism in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Results show the SPR setup with MoS2-COOH singlelayer exhibited the highest sensitivity (203.55 degrees/RIU) compared to 11-MUA (89.89(degrees)/RIU) and 3-MPA (108.90(degrees)/RIU). Overall,all three configurations demonstrate good linearity, excellent sensitivity, and LoD in the ng/mL range. The outcome ofthis study hoped to aid in the future development of a noninvasive, rapid, and ultrasensitive SPR detection platform forviral detection in minimal concentration.